Question

The following table was presented in an article summarizing a study to compare a new drug to a standard drug and to a placebo.

a) Are there any statistically significant differences in the characteristics shown among the treatments? Justify your answer.

b) Consider the test for differences in age among treatments. Write the hypotheses, the formula, and the name of the test statistic used (No computations required).

c) Consider the test for differences in insurance coverage among treatments. Write the hypotheses the formula, and the name of the test statistic used (No computations required).

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d) Consider the test for differences in disease stage among treatments. Write the hypotheses, the formula, and the name of the test statistic used (No computations required).

6. The following table was presented in an article summarizing a study to compare a new drug to a standard drug and to a placebo. (16 points, 4 points each) Characteristic New Drug Standard Drug Placebo р Age, years 45.2 (4.8) 44.9 (5.1) 42.8 (4.3) 0.5746 % Female 51% 55% 57% 0.1635 Annual Income, S0008 59.5 (14.3) 63.8 (16.9) 58.2 (13.690.4635 % with Insurance 87% 65% 82% 10.0352 Disease Stage 10.0261 Stage! 35% 18% 33% Stage II 42% 37% 47% Stage III 23% 51% 20% *Table entries and Mean (SD) or % a) Are there any statistically significant differences in the characteristics shown among the treatments? Justify your answer. b) Consider the test for differences in age among treatments. Write the hypotheses, the formula, and the name of the test statistic used (No computations required). c) Consider the test for differences in insurance coverage among treatments. Write the hypotheses the formula, and the name of the test statistic used (No computations required). a) Consider the test for differences in disease stage among treatments. Write the hypotheses, the formula, and the name of the test statistic used (No computations required).

Answer 1

Answers Gruen data at :- allenalle treatments. shown among characteristics a the null and hypothesis Hull hypothesis [Ho]: There is no significan differences in the characteristica shown among the Alternative hypothesis [Ho]: There is a significant difference in the the treatments. consider, the significance level is o.os. The p-value of characteristics% with insurance and piseobe stage ale 0.0352 0.0261 respectively. here, the p-values of both characteristics are less than the level of signiticance we can reject the nell hypothesis [Ho at the o.os siqnitcance level. Thus there is a statistically significant different the characterists shown among the treatment let US and b. the null and alternative hypothesis are: 1. Mean of new chug 일 Mean 아 standard drug M₂ → Mean of placebo, Hill=ų = 4 Hai Allowatt At least one mean in different from other.

MST F Test stati MSE F(x-1, n=k) & tortistic] MST & Mcan sum of squares due to treatments MSE: Mean error sum of squares. The null and alternative hypothesis Ho Mių - M Ha t least one mean is different from other Test statistic = F = MST NE Mse F(x-1, 0-k) at MST : Mean sum of squares due to treatments Mst: Mean sum of squares. YO فدا di let consider the test for differences in disease stage among treatments. Write the hypotheses and the formula of the test statistic used. me = m = mu, is noto H, : at least one of the mean me= population mean of new drug mu = population mean of standard drug me-population mean of placebo. There F-Test علیر

The test statistics F = MST/M MSE MST SST 1 MSE - gst / df If the p-value is less than or equal to the significance level, you reject the null hypothesis and conclude that not a of population means equal. are the differences between some of means are statistically significant.