Question

OUTCOMES

After you finish this assignment, you will be able to do the following:

• Define an abstract class
• Create concrete classes from an abstract class
• Overload an operator
• Split classes into .h and .cpp files
• Open files for reading
• Write to files
• Use output manipulators such as setw, fixed, and setprecision

DESCRIPTION

A binary arithmetic operation takes two double operands (left and right) to perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division on. For example, 10 + 11 is an addition (+) whose two operands are 10 and 11. When this operation is performed, the result will be 21. We can also write this operation as + 10 11.

Write a program that reads basic arithmetic operation instructions (without results) from a given input file named operations-in.txt(see below),  performs the operations, and saves their results to an output file named operations-out.txt. For example, if the input file has the following operation commands:

  +  20  11
  -  96  75
  *  87  70
  /  22   9

The program output file should be like this:

  20.00 +    11.00 =      31.00
  96.00 -    75.00 =      21.00
  87.00 *    70.00 =    6090.00
  22.00 /     9.00 =       2.44

While there are many ways to implement this program, this assignment asks you to do it in an Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) way using what you learned in the past few weeks. That means creating an abstract class called Operation with two members one for the left operand and the other for the right operand. Then we create a class Addition that inherits from Operation and can perform the actual addition of the left operand to the right operand. Similarly, we create three more classes (also inheriting from Operation): Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division.

The following instructions should guide you through the implementation of this program:

• In a header file named operation.h, define an abstract class named Operation with two protected double data members (left and right) and with the following public member functions:
  • Operation(double l, double r): a two-argument constructor initializing the left and right data members of this class.
  • double perform() const: a pure virtual function that actually performs the operation. This function will be actually implemented in the Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division classes below.
  • char symbol() const: a pure virtual function also implemented in the Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division classes.
  • ~Operation(): a virtual empty constructor.

  The Operation class should also define a friend function that overloads the <<operator. The prototype of this function should be like this:

  friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Operation& opr); This operator prints out the operation and its result to the output stream out in a format similar to that of the output file above. Use the setw, fixed, and setprecision manipulators to achieve that format.

• Define a class named Addition that inherits from the Operation class and represents the addition operation. This class must have:
  • a public two-argument constructor, delegating the initialization of the left and right data members to the constructor of the Operation class;
  • an empty destructor;
  • an implementation for the perform() function that returns the result of adding the left data member to the right data member;
  • an implementation for the symbol() that returns the character `+` (which is the symbol for addition).
  Split the code of this class into a header file name addition.h and an implementation file named addition.cpp.
• Repeat the previous step for the subtraction operation. The class should be named Subtraction and its code should be split into a header file name subtraction.h and an implementation file named subtraction.cpp.
• Repeat the previous step for the multiplication operation. The class should be named Multiplication and its code should be split into a header file name multiplication.h and an implementation file named multiplication.cpp.
• Repeat the previous step for the division operation. The class should be named Division and its code should be split into a header file name division.h and an implementation file named division.cpp.
• In a separate .cpp file, write a  main() function that does the following
  • Open the given input file operations-in.txt for reading and read it one operation command at a time.
  • Open an output file named operations-out.txt for writing.
  • For each operation command read from the input operations-in.txt file do the following:
  • Based on the operation symbol, create a heap object (using the new operator) of the appropriate class (Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division) based using the new operator
  • Use the << operator to print the operation and its result to the console.
  • Use the << operator to write the operation along with its result to the output file.
  • Delete the object when it's no longer needed.
  • Close both input and output files

OPERATIONS-IN.TXT

+ 20 11

- 96 75

- 84 44

+ 19 54

/ 20 46

* 99 74

* 87 70

/ 22 9

/ 3 24

+ 39 17

+ 12 23

* 80 77

- 3 65

+ 10 16

* 52 8

/ 71 77

+ 27 14

* 80 87

+ 37 35

/ 65 22

Answer 1

Short Summary:

• Provided the source code files ie., all .h and .cpp files with  sample console output and output in a file as per the requirements mentioned.
• Hope you are satisfied with the answer.
• Please upvote the answer and appreciate our time.

Source Code:

Operation.h:

#ifndef OPERATION_H
#define OPERATION_H
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Operation{
protected:
// two members one for the left operand and the other for the right
double left;
double right;
  
public:
//parameterized constrctor
Operation(double, double);
// pure virtual functions
virtual double perform() const = 0;
virtual char symbol() const = 0;
//default destructor
~Operation();
// friend function
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& , const Operation&);
};
#endif

Operation.cpp:

#include "Operation.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

//parameterized constrctor
Operation :: Operation(double l, double r){
left = l;
right = r;
}

//default destructor
Operation :: ~Operation(){}

/**
* Function: operator << overload
* It uses ostream and an Operation object
* It displays the result in proper format
*/
ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const Operation &opr)
{
   out << fixed << setprecision(2) << opr.left << setw(5) << opr.symbol() << setw(10) << opr.right << " = " << setw(10) << opr.perform();
   //return the output stream
   return out;
}

addition.h:

#ifndef ADDITION_H
#define ADDITION_H
#include <iostream>
#include "Operation.h"
using namespace std;

class Addition : public Operation {
public:
Addition(double,double);
~Addition();
double perform() const;
char symbol() const;
};
#endif

addition.cpp:

#include "addition.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

Addition :: Addition(double l, double r):Operation(l, r){
}

Addition :: ~Addition(){}

double Addition :: perform() const {
return left + right;
}

char Addition :: symbol() const{
return '+';
}

subtraction.h:

#ifndef SUBTRACTION_H
#define SUBTRACTION_H
#include <iostream>
#include "Operation.h"
using namespace std;

class Subtraction : public Operation{
public:
Subtraction(double,double);
~Subtraction();
double perform() const;
char symbol() const;
};
#endif

subtraction.cpp:

#include "subtraction.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

Subtraction :: Subtraction(double l, double r):Operation(l, r){
}

Subtraction :: ~Subtraction(){}

double Subtraction :: perform() const {
return left - right;
}

char Subtraction :: symbol() const{
return '-';
}

multiplication.h:

#ifndef MULTIPLICATION_H
#define MULTIPLICATION_H
#include <iostream>
#include "Operation.h"
using namespace std;

class Multiplication : public Operation{
public:
Multiplication(double,double);
~Multiplication();
double perform() const;
char symbol() const;
};
#endif

multiplication.cpp:

#include "multiplication.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

Multiplication :: Multiplication(double l, double r):Operation(l, r){
}

Multiplication :: ~Multiplication(){}

double Multiplication :: perform() const {
return left * right;
}

char Multiplication :: symbol() const{
return '*';
}

division.h:

#ifndef DIVISION_H
#define DIVISION_H
#include <iostream>
#include "Operation.h"
using namespace std;

class Division : public Operation{
public:
Division(double,double);
~Division();
double perform() const;
char symbol() const;
};
#endif

division.cpp:

#include "division.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

Division :: Division(double l, double r):Operation(l, r){
}

Division :: ~Division(){}

double Division :: perform() const {
return left / right;
}

char Division :: symbol() const{
return '/';
}

InputFile:

operations-in.txt

+ 20 11

- 96 75

- 84 44

+ 19 54

/ 20 46

* 99 74

* 87 70

/ 22 9

/ 3 24

+ 39 17

+ 12 23

* 80 77

- 3 65

+ 10 16

* 52 8

/ 71 77

+ 27 14

* 80 87

+ 37 35

/ 65 22

Sample Run:

Console output:

= 20.00 11.00 = 31.00 96.00 75.00 = 21.00 84.00 44.00 = 40.00 19.00 54.00 = 73.00 20.00 46.00 = 0.43 99.00 74.00 = 7326.00 87.00 70.00 6090.00 22.00 9.00 = 2.44 3.00 24.00 = 0.12 39.00 17.00 = 56.00 12.00 23.00 = 35.00 80.00 77.00 - 6160.00 3.00 65.00 = -62.00 10.00 16.00 = 26.00 52.00 8.00 = 416.00 71.00 77.00 = 0.92 27.00 14.00 = 41.00 80.00 87.00 = 6960.00 37.00 35.00 = 72.00 65.00 22.00 = 2.95 Program executed correctly ... Program finished with exit code o Press ENTER to exit console.

OUTPUT FILE : operations-out.txt :

+ / main.cpp operations- 1 20.00 2 96.00 3 84.00 4 19.00 5 20.00 / 6 99.00 7 87.00 8 22.00 / 93.00 10 39.00 11 12.00 12 80.00 13 3.00 14 10.00 15 52.00 16 71.00 / 17 27.00 18 80.00 1937.00 20 65.00 / : Operation.h: Operation.cpp 11.00 31.00 75.00 21.00 44.00 40.00 54.00 73.00 46.00 0.43 74.00 7326.00 70.00 6090.00 9.00 2.44 24.00 = 0.12 17.00 56.00 23.00 35.00 77.00 6160.00 65.00 -62.00 16.00 26.00 8.00 416.00 77.00 0.92 14.00 41.00 87.00 6960.00 35.00 72.00 22.00 2.95 ILL +

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