Question

Complete Problems 2-37 and 3-47 in the textbook.

Complete Problem 2-37 in a Word document and Problem 3-47 in Excel. Please note, you must show your work in Excel, which includes providing the formulas in the cells, not just the summary value. You may not earn full points if you do not show your work in detail. ......................................................................................................................................................................……………..

Problem 2–37 Content of Financial State-ments and Reports.

Consider the following cost items:

1. Salaries of players on the Boston Red Sox.

2. Year-end completed goods of Levi Strauss jeans.

3. Executive compensation costs at Home Depot.

4. Advertising costs for Sony.

5. Costs incurred during the period to insure a Ford plant against fire and flood losses.

6. Current year’s depreciation on a Carnival Cruise Line ship.

7. The cost of printer ink and paper used during the period by Shutterfly.

8. Assembly-line wage cost incurred at a Kona bicycle plant.

9. Year-end production in process at Lenovo computer manufacturer.

10. The cost of products sold to customers of a Target store.

11. The cost of products sold to distributors of carpet manufacturer Shaw Floors.

Required:

1. Evaluate the costs just cited, and determine whether the associated dollar amounts would be found on the firm’s balance sheet, income statement, or schedule of cost-of-goods-manufactured. (Note: In some cases, more than one answer will apply.)

2. What major asset will normally be insignificant for service enterprises and relatively substantial for retailers, wholesalers, and manufacturers? Briefly discuss.

3. Briefly explain the major differences between income statements of service enterprises versus those of retailers, wholesalers, and manufacturers. .......................................................................................................................................................................

Problem 3–47Job-Order Costing in a Consulting Firm.....

JLR Enterprises provides consulting services throughout California and uses a job-order costing system to accumulate the cost of client projects. Traceable costs are charged directly to individual clients; in contrast, other costs incurred by JLR, but not identifiable with specific clients, are charged to jobs by using a predetermined overhead application rate. Clients are billed for directly chargeable costs, over-head, and a markup.

JLR’s director of cost management, Brent Dean, anticipates the following costs for the upcoming year:

COST Percentage of Cost Directly Traceable to Clients

Professional staff salaries ...............................$2,500,000 ....................................80%

Administrative support staff ............................ 300,000 ......................................60%
Travel ....................................................    250,000 ......................................90%
Photocopying ............................................... 50,000 .......................................90%
Other operating costs .....................................100,000 ......................................50%
Total .................................................... $3,200,000 ....................................

The firm’s partners desire to make a $640,000 profit for the firm and plan to add a percentage markup on total cost to achieve that figure.On March 10, JLR completed work on a project for Martin Manufacturing. The following costs were incurred: professional staff salaries, $41,000; administrative support staff, $2,600; travel, $4,500; photocopying, $500; and other operating costs, $1,400.

Required:
1. Determine JLR’s total traceable costs for the upcoming year and the firm’s total anticipated overhead.
2. Calculate the predetermined overhead rate. The rate is based on total costs traceable to client jobs.
3. What percentage of cost will JLR add to each job to achieve its profit target?
4. Determine the total cost of the Martin Manufacturing project. How much would Martin be billed for services performed?
5. Notice that only 50 percent of JLR’s other operating cost is directly traceable to specific client projects. Cite several costs that would be included in this category and difficult to trace to clients.
6. Notice that 80 percent of the professional staff cost is directly traceable to specific client projects. Cite several reasons that would explain why this figure isn’t 100 percent.

Answer 1

Problem 2-37 :

1.

1.         Income statement

2.         Balance sheet

3.         Income statement

4.         Income statement

5.         Cost-of-goods-manufactured schedule

6.         Income statement

7.         Cost-of-goods-manufactured schedule

8.         Cost of-goods-manufactured schedule

9.         Balance sheet, cost-of-goods-manufactured schedule

10.       Income statement

11.       Income statement

2.         The asset that differs among these businesses is inventory. Service businesses typically carry no (or very little) inventory. Retailers and wholesalers normally stock considerable inventory. Manufacturers also carry significant inventories, typically subdivided into three categories: raw material, work in process, and finished goods.

3.         The income statements of service business normally have separate sections for operating revenues, operating expenses, and other income (expenses). In contrast, those of retailers, wholesalers, and manufacturers disclose sales revenue, followed immediately by cost of goods sold and gross margin. Operating expenses are listed next followed by other income (expenses).

problem 3-47 :

1. Traceable costs total $2,500,000, computed as follows:

	Total Cost	Percent Traceable	Traceable Cost
Professional staff salaries………….	$2,500,000	80%	$2,000,000
Administrative support staff………	300,000	60	180,000
Travel………………………………	250,000	90	225,000
Photocopying………………………	50,000	90	45,000
Other operating costs………………	100,000	50	50,000
Total…………………………….	$3,200,000		$2,500,000

  JLR's overhead (i.e., the non-traceable costs) total $700,000 ($3,200,000 - $2,500,000).

2. Predetermined overhead rate = budgeted overhead ÷ traceable costs = $700,000 ÷ $2,500,000 = 28% of traceable costs

3. Target profit percentage = target profit ÷ total cost = $640,000 ÷ $3,200,000 = 20% of cost

4. The total cost of the Martin Manufacturing project is $64,000, and the billing is $76,800, as follows:

Professional staff salaries………………	$41,000
Administrative support staff…………..	2,600
Travel…………………………………..	4,500
Photocopying…………………………..	500
Other operating costs…………………	1,400
Subtotal……………………………	$50,000
Overhead ($50,000 x 28%)……………	14,000
Total cost………………………….	$64,000
Markup ($64,000 x 20%)……………..	12,800
Billing to Martin………………………	$76,800

5. Possible non-traceable costs include utilities, rent, depreciation, advertising, top management salaries, and insurance.

6. Professional staff members are compensated for attending training sessions and firm-wide planning meetings, paid vacations, and completion of general, non-client-related paperwork and reports. These activities benefit multiple clients, the consultant, and/or the overall firm, making traceability to specific clients difficult if not impossible.