Question

Project 2 F. Sibling aggression is associated with worse child mental health, but the link is especially strong for later-born children and is weaker in firstborn children. Broader theory: This may be because younger children are more vulnerable to the negative effects of aggression. (This is a more complex example work it out for both a specific hypothesis (first sentence) and then the broader theory). Ask yourself...... What is the stating associative claim: What is the IV:_ What is the DV: (REM: The IV is the variable that would have temporal precedence) comes first if it were to be a cause) Specific Hypothesis: How is the claim qualified With a Moderator/Mediator/3rd variable (highlight one) What is the name the Mod, Med, or 3rd variable: Broader Theory: How is the claim qualified With a Moderator/Mediator/3rd variable (highlight one) What is the name the Mod, Med, or 3rd variable: Draw it out: Follow the strategy illustrated in Morling 9.3 to draw out the relationship. Note this one is not illustrated by Morling directly - but try and use here general scheme.

Answer 1

Associative claim

An associative claim represents a relationship between two variables where the level of one variable is associated with the level of another variable. The above mentioned example represents a negative associative claim because, as the sibling aggression increase, the mental health of the children decreases. This claim is qualified because, as the aggressive behavior displayed among siblings increase, it could have a negative impact in the children's mental health.

Dependent variable

A variable that is dependent on an independent variable is called the dependent variable. In a scientific controlled research, the researchers identify the relationship between the two variables by altering the independent variable and finding out the effect it had on the dependent variable.

Independent variable

The variable that causes a effect on the dependent variable is called the independent variable. Altering the independent variables helps to find the cause-effect relationship between the two variables.

The independent variable has a temporal precedence because only when it is altered (cause) it produces a change (effect) on the dependent variable.

Third variable

A third variable, also known as the confounding variable or moderate variable is the variable that influences the cause-effect relationship between the dependent and independent variables. When a researcher does not remove the effect of the third variable, it would bias the results on the relationship between the two variables.  

For example, in the hypothesis mentioned above, The independent variable sibling aggression cause a effect on the dependent variable child metal health. But the third variable such as parental support also influence the child mental health, because when a child receives good parental support, the sibling aggression may not have a huge impact on their mental health.

* Younger children are more vulnerable to the negative effects of aggression.

This is an example of a negative associative claim. This claim is qualified because, when children are younger they tend to show more aggressive behaviors and they are also more prone to get involved in the negative consequences for their aggressive behaviors. Whereas when children grow older, they know it is not appropriate to exhibit aggressive behaviors because they know that if they do they have to face the negative consequences, so they show less aggressive behaviors when compared to the younger children.

The third variable in this example would be the learning or knowledge that a child have regarding the consequences exhibiting an inappropriate behaviors, so they may avoid such aggressive behaviors, in order to avoid those negative consequences.