Homework Answers
Answer
pH- To analyze acidity or alkalinity
Protein- To monitor the kidney function
Glucose- To determine the blood glucose level to R/o DM
Ketones- To R/o the risk for developing ketones in DM patients
Blood - To detect the hemoglobin from red blood cells (RBCs) in the urine
Bilirubin-To evaluate the liver function
Urobilinogen- To assess the liver function
Nitrite- To evaluate the presence of bacterial infection
Leukocyte esterase- To R/o urinary tract infection and Pyuria
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What is the clinical significance of the following chemical processes concerning urine examination: 1. pH -...
Case A urine specimen is collected from a 7-year-old girl with a history of several recent...
Case
A urine specimen is collected from a
7-year-old girl with a history of several recent infections. She is
seen because of lethargy, pallor, and facial edema and is found to
have generalized edema. The urine specimen is pale but noticeably
foamy.
Urinalysis Results:
Physical Appearance:
color:
pale
transparency:
hazy
foam:
Chemical Screening:
large quantity, white
pH:
6
specific gravity:
1.010
protein (strip)
>2000 mg/dL protein (SSA) 4+
blood
negative
nitrite
negative
leukocyte esterase
negative
glucose
negative
ketones
negative
bilirubin...
Qn based on the laboratory data what is a likely diagnosis for this patient? Question 2...
Qn
based on the laboratory data what is a likely diagnosis for this
patient?
Question 2 How does this patient ‘s condition differ from the
conditions of other patients who might have similar laboratory
findings?
Case Study #1 udent health service. A A 20-year-old female college student with a sore throat is seen in the st throat swab is cultured with an intramuscular injection of pen and reported positive for group A β-hemolytic streptococci. She is treated icillin. Two weeks...
Case Study #3 A 4S year-old man has been a paraplegic since being involved in a...
Case Study #3 A 4S year-old man has been a paraplegic since being involved in a motorcycle accidemt 20 years ago. He has a history of recurrent UTIs as a result of infection fron an seeks The following routine urinalysis results were obtained Physical Appearance severe back pain, with fever, chills, and vomiting. He has been exposed to "the flu" and medical attention. A midstream urine specimen is collected for examination and culture Color: Yellow Transparency: Cloudy Chemical Screening pH:...
A 60-year-old man with a history of alcoholism is seen in an urgent care clinic; he...
A 60-year-old man with a history of alcoholism is seen in an urgent care clinic; he complains of extreme pain in his upper abdomen. He has been experiencing pain on and off for the past 10 days. Now he is yellow (jaundice) and feels extremely ill. He also mentions that his stool specimens have lost their normal color and look like clay. Blood is drawn for testing and urine collected for urinalysis. The following urinalysis results were obtained: Physical Appearance...
The patient has red spots on the skin resembling a red rash. Color: Red Clarity: Cloudy Protein: 2+ Blood: Large Glucose...
The patient has red spots on the skin resembling a red rash. Color: Red Clarity: Cloudy Protein: 2+ Blood: Large Glucose: Negative Urobilinogen: 0.2 EU Specific gravity: 1.017 Ketones: Negative Nitrite: Negative pH: 6.0 Bilirubin: Negative Leukocyte esterase: Trace Microscopic 6–8 WBCs/hpf 1–3 hyaline casts/lpf >100 RBCs/hpf 2–4 RBC casts/lpf What is the most probable diagnosis? A. Henoch-Schonlein purpura B. Minimal change disease C. Wegener's granulomatosus D. Goodpasture syndrome
A 9-year-old boy has a history of a recent viral infection. He now feels faint and...
A 9-year-old boy has a history of a recent viral infection. He now feels faint and is feverish, and he is generally not well. He has to urinate frequently and is very thirsty. His breath smells fruity. He is seen in an urgent care clinic, where blood is drawn and urine collected for routine urinalysis. The following urinalysis results were obtained: Physical Appearance Color: Pale Transparency: Clear Chemical Screening pH: 5.0 Specific gravity (refractometer): 1.029 Specific gravity (reagent strip): 1.005...
A 40-year-old female tennis player with tendonitis is taking large doses of an over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory...
A 40-year-old female tennis player with tendonitis is taking large doses of an over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. After taking the medication for several weeks, she develops a skin rash and observes a decrease in urine volume. Results of her urinalysis are: Color: Dark yellow Clarity: Cloudy Protein: 3+ Blood: Large Glucose: Negative Urobilinogen: 1.0 EU Specific gravity: 1.011 Ketones: Negative Nitrite: Negative pH: 6.0 Bilirubin: Negative Leukocyte esterase: 2+ Microscopic >100 WBCs/hpf 1–2 hyaline casts/lpf 60–70 RBCs/hpf 5–6 WBC casts/lpf...
Case Study #2 An 8-year-old girl complains of feeling like she needs to urinate all the...
Case Study #2 An 8-year-old girl complains of feeling like she needs to urinate all the time. Her urine burms when she does void, and it is cloudy, She is seen at her pediatrician's office, where urine is collected for routine urinalysis and culture. The following urinalysis results were obtained Physical Appearance Color: Pale Transparency: Cloudy PH: 7.5 Specific gravity: 1.010 Protein (reagent strip): Trace Blood: Negative Nitrite: Positive Leukocyte esterase: Positive Glucose: Negative Ketones: Negative Bilirubin: Negative Urobilinogen: Normal...
Case Study #5 A 9 year-old boy has a history of a recent viral infection. He...
Case Study #5 A 9 year-old boy has a history of a recent viral infection. He now feels faint and is feverish, an he is generally not well. He has to urinate f He is seen in an urgent care clinic, where blood is drawn and urine collected for routine urinalysis. The following urinalysis results were obtained frequently and is very thirsty. His breath smells fruity Physical Appearance Color: Pale Transparency: Clear pH: 5.0 Specific gravity (refractometer): 1.029 Specific gravity...
The following results are obtained from a urinalysis on a patient who developed membranous glomerulonephritis following...
The following results are obtained from a urinalysis on a patient who developed membranous glomerulonephritis following hepatitis B infection: Color: Yellow Clarity: Cloudy Protein: 4+ Blood: Moderate Glucose: Negative Urobilinogen: 1.0 EU Specific gravity: 1.012 Ketones: Negative Nitrite: Negative pH: 6.0 Bilirubin: Negative Leukocyte esterase: Negative Microscopic 2–3 WBCs/hpf 1–2 oval fat bodies/hpf 20–30 RBCs/hpf 2–3 fatty casts/lpf Moderate fat droplets What is/are the primary structure(s) in the glomerulus that has/have been affected to cause these results? A. Endothelial cells...
Case
A urine specimen is collected from a
7-year-old girl with a history of several recent infections. She is
seen because of lethargy, pallor, and facial edema and is found to
have generalized edema. The urine specimen is pale but noticeably
foamy.
Urinalysis Results:
Physical Appearance:
color:
pale
transparency:
hazy
foam:
Chemical Screening:
large quantity, white
pH:
6
specific gravity:
1.010
protein (strip)
>2000 mg/dL protein (SSA) 4+
blood
negative
nitrite
negative
leukocyte esterase
negative
glucose
negative
ketones
negative
bilirubin...
Qn
based on the laboratory data what is a likely diagnosis for this
patient?
Question 2 How does this patient ‘s condition differ from the
conditions of other patients who might have similar laboratory
findings?
Case Study #1 udent health service. A A 20-year-old female college student with a sore throat is seen in the st throat swab is cultured with an intramuscular injection of pen and reported positive for group A β-hemolytic streptococci. She is treated icillin. Two weeks...
Case Study #3 A 4S year-old man has been a paraplegic since being involved in a motorcycle accidemt 20 years ago. He has a history of recurrent UTIs as a result of infection fron an seeks The following routine urinalysis results were obtained Physical Appearance severe back pain, with fever, chills, and vomiting. He has been exposed to "the flu" and medical attention. A midstream urine specimen is collected for examination and culture Color: Yellow Transparency: Cloudy Chemical Screening pH:...
Case Study #2 An 8-year-old girl complains of feeling like she needs to urinate all the time. Her urine burms when she does void, and it is cloudy, She is seen at her pediatrician's office, where urine is collected for routine urinalysis and culture. The following urinalysis results were obtained Physical Appearance Color: Pale Transparency: Cloudy PH: 7.5 Specific gravity: 1.010 Protein (reagent strip): Trace Blood: Negative Nitrite: Positive Leukocyte esterase: Positive Glucose: Negative Ketones: Negative Bilirubin: Negative Urobilinogen: Normal...
Case Study #5 A 9 year-old boy has a history of a recent viral infection. He now feels faint and is feverish, an he is generally not well. He has to urinate f He is seen in an urgent care clinic, where blood is drawn and urine collected for routine urinalysis. The following urinalysis results were obtained frequently and is very thirsty. His breath smells fruity Physical Appearance Color: Pale Transparency: Clear pH: 5.0 Specific gravity (refractometer): 1.029 Specific gravity...
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