Question

Determine the yield of the products.

The first should be the yield of benzoic acid.

The ammon plus is should be the yield of benzamide. Please write out and show all work, theoretical yield etc. Thanks!

Purification-Week add Decant the dry dichloromethane solution into a 25-mlL round-bottom flask, and a few boiling chips. Don't worry if a little magnesium sulfate slips into the distilla- tion flask, it will act as additional boiling chips. Set up an apparatus for microscale simple distillation. Lightly grease all ground glass joints and use a Keck clamp to hold lask to colemn. Distill the dichloromethane using the heating mantle at a low Variac setting (about 30-40%). The dichloromethane will distill between about 38 and 40 Periodically remove the dichloromethane from the collection well of the distillation head bottle in the hood. After most of the dichloromethane has distilled and only 3 to 4 ml rem with a Pasteur pipet. Dispose of the dichloromethane in the appropriate waste ains in the round-bottom flask, the temperature will begin to fall. Then turn up the Variac setting to 70 to distill the methyl benzoate. With a Pasteur pipet, periodically transfer the material that distills while temperture is rising into a container until it is known it is not needed. When the temperature levels off near 195 °C, to keep transfer methyl benzoate (Caution! Hot liquid) from the collection well of the distillation nto a preweighed, capped vial. Collect the fractions that boil near 195 to 200 "C the gh your product and determine the yield. Obtain an IR spectrum of the purified methyl benzoate. PART B Perform obtain boiling points. the reactions in the first lab session. Dry products until 2nd lab session to efS alenithoccasionalshakng..?0r 10 d five drops of benzoyl chloride to 5 mt of water in a 25-ml. Erlenmeyer flask and n swirl the flask. Heat the mixture on the hot-plate stirrer with occasional shaking. er the mixture clears, cool the solution and collect the benzoic acid by filtration. melting point of your sample after it has dried until the second week. (lit. mp Hydrolysis of Benzoyl ChloridefoVt ow the Aft Take the 122-123 °C). Ammonolysis of Benzoyl Chloride Add I ml of benzoyl chloride dropwise to 5 hydroxide in a large test tube under your mini-hood. Stir the mixture for two to three mL of cold, concentrated ammonium

Answer 1

Mass = density times volume let few drops of benzoyl chloride = 1 ml density of benzoyl chloride = 1.12 g/ml mass = (1.12)(1) = 1.21 g/mol molar mass of benzoyl chloride = 140.57 1.21 g/140.57 g/mol = 8.6078 times 10^-3 moles benzoyl chloride look at the ratio in the balanced equation these are one moles of benzoyl chloride to every one mole of benzoic acid so theoretical yield of benzoic acid = 8.6078 times 10^-3 moles mass = molarity times molar mass molar mass of benzoic acid = 122 g/mol (8.6078 times 10^-3)(122) = 1.0501 g benzoicacis (theoretical yield) percentage yield = actual yield/theoretical yield times 100 = 0.10/1.05019 times 100 = 0.0952 times 100 = 9.52 % from 1 ml of benzoyl chloride hydrolysed to get 1.0501 g of benzoid acid there are one moles of benzonide so theoretical yield of benzonide is 1.0501 g/122 g/mol = 8.6073 times 10^-3 moles mass = molarity times molar mass (8.6073 times 10^-3)(121.14) = 0.9772 g (benzonide) percentage yield = actual yield/theoretical yield times 100 = 49.01%