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2. (b) Alkenes are stabilized by alkyl substituents through hyperconjugation. Briefly (one or two typed lines), in the space
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It is because sp2−sp3 bonds are stronger than sp3−sp3 bonds, which makes the alkene stable. Also an alkene with more alkyl substituents at the C=C double bond is stronger than an alkene with only hydrogens attached with the double bonded carbon atoms.

Moreover through hyperconjugation, alkyl substituents increases the number of alpha hydrogens around the double bond carbon atoms which further stabilises the alkene.

Number of alpha hydrogens is directly proportional to stability of alkenes.

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