Question

Describe the differences between “hard” and “soft” ionization sources and for each, identify the advantage it has over the other. (2 marks)

Answer 1

mto Hard Sonization: Electron Impact Ionization (EI) method in which energetic électron rocacts with solid on gas phase atoms on molecules produce ions. El delivers the nigheat energy e analytes reading to hard ionization and a large amount of molecular fragmentation. to the analytes rea causes a large a soft Sonization : Chemical Ionization amount of energy compare - Chemical Ionization requires lower of energy compared to (EI). Tons are 1 through the collision of the analyte. 3 of a reagent gas that are present in n sowice. That's why it is a saft lonization technique . with ions the ion of a reagent sowice. That's Advantage of Hared Ionisation : En this case high energy electron completely broke down the parent molecule to daughter molecules and give large no. of molecular Fragmentation. Due to this fragmention by hard. ionisation technique stereoisomers can be identified accurately. Advantage of soft &anisation : Soft Sonisation technique allows the analytes to be russ fragmented and can detect molecular ion peak. Mola molecular weight of unknown analyte can be determined accurately by this technique.