Question

Q.7. Draw and make models for the following ions. Show formal charge(s) where appropriate. Predict the angles around the central atom(s). a) Carbonate ion, CO3-2 Angle: b) Nitrite ion, NO2-1 Angle: c) Hydrogensulfate ion, HSO4-! Angle: d) Acetate ion, CH3CO2-! Angles

Answer 1

Formal charge on an atom is amolecule.lion = (Totalna of Valence .llections - L in the face atom [ Total no ofllectious of I lone buių membondine electrons) | + Total no of shoced elections zu (bendling ellderous) E032- fa) Hör Formal choosege.on Cattern 24-0148)=0 Formeel charge on double bonded o atom _ 8 = 6-4-2 (4) = 0 Formeel change on single bended Oatem 2626-412) = -1 Carbonate ion (6032) is trigenal blaner in shape with o-c-o bond angle of 120° (three groups of Bending electrons and no lone pairs of elections)

bo) NO2 Formal chasege on Natern = 5-2-46)=0 Formal chosege- en double bordedo aterm = r 6-u-1 (4) = 0 Formal charge on Single bended Oatem = T 6-6 (2) = -1 Nitrite ion (NO₂) is bent shaped with LON-O bend angle N120°Сtwo groups of bonding elections and one lone pair of electrohs) (c) Hsoy 2 Ema 4,0TH Facmal. Cherage on Satom = 6–0-4(12) = 0 Facimal clieorge on O-atom (merkedI) - 6-6-4(2):4. Formal charge on D-atom Incorked 2) = 6–4-1 (4) = 0 Faremal chouege en Outem (Markeds) z 6-4-4,14)=0

Formed Cheverge on D-atom (mwiked 4) o = 6–4-4(4) = 0 Forumsal chooseye en Mykengen atom -- 1-0-_12130 HSO4- hestetrahedrcab geometry and bende angle is 1895 with Peces fect Oto Centered atomis - do) CH3COO- H : 8:05JN H-C- Č-0. Femael dosege, on fl-aten 2 1-0-462) =0 1 Formal on C-ator marked 1) = 4-O-8 = 0 2 Formal change. on C-atom (meveked 2) __O 4-0-1 (8) = 0 Formal charge on double bonded O- etern = 6-4-1 (4) = 0 Formal charge om single bended O- atom = 6-6-1 (2)=-1 Bond angle Ncc = 1090 Bonds angles cco=0C0 = 120 1