Question

modify sample code from example two to calculate the surface area and volume of a sphere givin the radius

int main() Example 2 Introduction to structures and passing the structure variables as arguments into functions. 1. A structure is created with circle related variables. 2. Two functions are created related to circle calculations. 3. This example passes structure variables from the main function to the message Circle function 4. The message Circle function converts the structure variables into regular double variables. 5. Circumference and area of a circle are calculated with radius as an input. // HERE WE CREATE AN INSTANCE (1) OF OUR STRUCTURE (Circle) // THEN INITIALIZE IT (radius, area, circumference) → (1,0,0) struct Circle ci = {1,0,0); cout << "Please input a radius for your circle:"; cin >> cl.radius; // Notice we are calling the circle functions as arguments for the // message Circle function messageCircle(c1.radius, circle_circlc.radius), circle_area(c1.radius)); #include <iostream> include <math> using namespace std; Blend main() function // THERSE ARE OUR FUNCTIONS double circle_area/doubldr) const double pi=M_PI; // from cmath return pl powr.2): // THESE ARE THE FUNCTION PROTOTYPES double circle_arealdouble): double circle_circ(double); double circle_circ(doubler) void message Circle(double double double): return 2 pir // HERE WE DECLARE OUR STRUCTURE WITH THREE VARIABLES struct Circle double radius: double area, double circumference; // NOTICE WE ARE PASSING STRUCTURE VARIABLES FROM THE MAIN FUNCTION TO THE message Circle FUNCTION BUT THE messageCircle FUNCTION USES REGULAR double VARIABLES void messageCircledouble radius, double circumference, double area) cout <<endl<< "Circle characteristics using structures" << endl; cout << " Radius: "ec radius ocendi cc Circumference: c ircumference e endl cc Area: cc area << endl; // end example 2

Answer 1

Program Screen Shot:

#include <iostream> #include <cmath> 2 using namespace std; 6 const double pi = M_PI; 8 // --- Adding three new functions for calculating Surafce Area, Volume & one for showing message // --- Function prototypes 12 13 double sphere surfaceArea(double); double spehre_volume (double); void messageSphere(double, double, double); // --- changing structure name to 'Sphere' & with three variables, for "radius", "surfaceArea" & "volume" respectively struct Sphere double radius; double surfaceArea; double volume; 21 }; int main(){ // --- Creating an instance of Sphere Sphere s1 = {1, 0, 0}; // --- Taking radius as input from user cout << "Please input a radius for your sphere: "; cin >> s1.radius;

// --- We are calling the functions as arguments as given in sample code messageSphere( 51.radius, sphere_surfaceArea(s1.radius), spehre_volume(s1.radius)); return 0; 37 } // --- Implementing all functions double sphere_surfaceArea( double r){ return 4 * pi * r * r; 17 calculating surface area, 44 } double spehre_volume( double r){ 48 49 return (4.0/3.0) * pi * r * r * r; // calculating volume } void messageSphere( double radius, double surfaceArea, double volume) { cout << endl << "Sphere characteristics using structures" << endl; cout << "Radius: " << radius << endl; << "Surface Area: " << surfaceArea << endl; << "Volume: " << volume << endl; 59 }

Program code to copy:

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

const double pi = M_PI;

// --- Adding three new functions for calculating Surafce Area, Volume & one for showing message
// --- Function prototypes

double sphere_surfaceArea(double);
double spehre_volume(double);
void messageSphere(double, double, double);

// --- changing structure name to 'Sphere' & with three variables, for "radius", "surfaceArea" & "volume" respectively

struct Sphere{
  
   double radius;
   double surfaceArea;
   double volume;
};

int main(){
  
   // --- Creating an instance of Sphere
  
   Sphere s1 = {1, 0, 0};
  
   // --- Taking radius as input from user
  
   cout << "Please input a radius for your sphere: ";
   cin >> s1.radius;
  
   // --- We are calling the functions as arguments as given in sample code
  
   messageSphere(s1.radius, sphere_surfaceArea(s1.radius), spehre_volume(s1.radius));
  
   return 0;
}

// --- Implementing all functions

double sphere_surfaceArea(double r){
  
   return 4 * pi * r * r;   // calculating surface area
}

double spehre_volume(double r){
  
   return (4.0/3.0) * pi * r * r * r;   // calculating volume
}

void messageSphere(double radius, double surfaceArea, double volume){
  
   cout << endl << "Sphere characteristics using structures" << endl;
  
   cout << "Radius: " << radius << endl
   << "Surface Area: " << surfaceArea << endl
   << "Volume: " << volume << endl;
  
}

Sample output:

Please input a radius for your sphere: 2 Sphere characteristics using structures Radius: 2 Surface Area: 50.2655 Volume: 33.5103 -------------------------- Process exited after 0.8613 seconds with return value o Press any key to continue ....

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