Question

Station 3: Human and Ape Cranial and Dental Differences (Alternative to Specimens: Figures 13.10 to 13.14) Compare the cranial and dental features of an ape and a human, and fill out the table below. Ape Human Amount of prognathism Canine shearing complex-present or absent Canine size-large or small Diastema-present or absent Sectorial P3-present or absent (present if one cusp is much bigger than the other) Shape of chin area/mandibular symphysisrecedes back, vertical, actual chin, simian shelf Size of braincase-smaller or larger (relative to overall cranium size) Much vs. little postorbital constriction Position of foramen magnum- more anterior vs. more posterior Shape of dental arcade-rounded, squared, rectangular, are tooth rows parallel? Do molars increase or decrease in size from M1 to M3? Location of maximum skull breadth (viewed from back)—higher vs. lower on skull 368 Exploring Physical Anthropology

Answer 1

	Apes	HUMAN
Amount of prognathism	Cranial capacity=400cm3 -Pronounced muzzle	Cranial capacity=1400cm3
Canine sharing complex	Present (To sharing food for family)	Absent
Canine size	Large	Small
Diastema (Space between two theeth)	Present	Absent
Sectorial p3	Present	Absent
Shape of chin area	Mandible = larger Mendibular symphysis =Simian shelf,vertical	Mandible = Smaler Mandibular symphysis=recades back
Size of brain case	cases smaller about 400cm3	lager about 1400cm3
Much or little post orbital construction	Much	Little
Position of foramen magnum	More posterior	More Anterior
Shape of dental arcade	U shaped or rectangular shaped	Rounded shaped
Do molar increas in size or decrease in size in m1 to m3	Decreas	Increase
Location of maximum skull breadth	lower	Higher