Question

QUESTIONS

1. How does chunking help us retain more information in memory?

  

1. It increases the capacity so that we can remember far more than 7 plus or minus 2 units of data.
2. It allows for faster consolidation of new memories so that they become more rapidly rooted in long-term memory.
3. It combines individual data points so that we can remember 7 plus or minus 2 groups of information more efficiently.
4. It helps to offset the natural occurrence of both proactive and retroactive interference.

2. What is the relationship between consciousness and the information in short-term memory (STM)?

  

1. STM is considered an implicit, or unconscious, memory storage facility.
2. You are conscious only of any information present in STM.
3. You can only be conscious of information in STM if it was retrieved from long-term memory.
4. Only data that made it from sensory memory to STM can be consciously known at any one moment in time.

3. In working memory, the function of the ________ is to transform and interpret information taking from other structures so that we can plan, reason, or solve a problem.

  

1. iconic buffer
2. visuospatial sketchpad
3. central executive
4. phonemic loop

4. How do psychologists explain the recency effect?

  

1. memories are microscopically distorted each time they are retrieved, but these minor distortions add up to major changes
2. old information impinges upon remembering newer information
3. information is still active in short-term memory
4. data are not fully encoded, so they can still be manipulated

5. Your own personal memory diary, which includes your recall of the experiences that you’ve had and the places you’ve been, is comprised of _______ memories.

  

1. Episodic
2. Semantic
3. Procedural
4. Sensory

6. Ben is a witness to a robbery at a local convenience store and gets a good look at the thief. The police ask him to look through several books of photographs to see if any of the pictures look like the thief that he saw. This is an example of a(n) ________ task.

  

1. Recall
2. context-dependent
3. recognition
4. seriation

7. Memory retrieval that is easier when the person is in the same psychological condition during retrieval as he or she was during encoding is called ________ retrieval.

  

1. context consistent
2. encoding specific
3. state-dependent
4. mood-congruent

8. During her organic chemistry exam, Melissa is absolutely sure she knows the proper formula and mechanism for a Grignard reaction. She does not get the question correct, however. Later when reviewing her notes, she realizes that she did not know the information at all, never really did. This is an example of ________.

  

1. an encoding failure
2. proactive interference
3. retrograde amnesia
4. the decay theory of forgetting

9. The loss of memories over time that results from a weakening of relevant connections between neurons is called ________.

  

1. Decay
2. Interference
3. Deterioration
4. encoding failures

10. For years you have played the oboe, but now you are studying the clarinet. After three months, you pick up the oboe but find that you can’t remember the proper fingerings or how to play it. This is due to the effects of ________ interference.

  

1. Proactive
2. Retrograde
3. Retroactive
4. anterograde

Answer 1

1. The correct answer is Option C. It combines individual data points so that we can remember 7 plus or minus 2 groups of information more efficiently.

2. The correct answer is Option D. Only data that made it from sensory memory to STM can be consciously known at any one moment in time.

3. The correct answer is Option C. This is the task of the central executive.

4. The correct answer is Option C. Information is still active in the short term memory.

Please post the other questions separately. As per our answering guidelines we are supposed to answer just one question or four sub parts of the same question.