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ADVANCE STUDY ASSIGNMENT: COULOMBS LAW PURPOSE of tl of this exercise is to become familiar with the force between electric point charges which is descrbed by Coulombs law. In particular, we will investigate the forces inverse-square dependence on separation distance between charges. DISCUSSION A basic characteristic of electric charge is that charges exert forces on each other, like charges positive-positive and negative-negative) repel each other while opposite charges (positive- and constitute a Newtons third-law pair; that is, they are equal in size and opposite in direction, attract. The forces between two point charges lie along the line that connects the charges even if the two charges are not equal in size. +q Like Charges Repel Unlike Charges Attract Additionally, the forces between electric charges obey the principle of superposition. That is, the otal force on a charge due to several charges is just the vector sum of the individual forces each charge exerts. +9 F, 31 The size of the force one point charge exerts on another is directly proportional to the the two charges and inversely proportional to the square of their separation distance. doubling the size of either charge or their product doubles the size of the force each exerts on the of other
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Advance Seuty Assipement: Ceulombs Law Coulombs results identical in form to Newton identical in form to ere eed on the basis of such a limited data set was that his law was s universal law of gravitation that was already well accepted. (If an masses, it must work just fine for point charges, too!) nature-has since been well law worked for Fortunately for science, Coulombs law-especially its inverse-square verified by independent means. n the same memoir in which Coulomb submitted his results for electric point charges, he also presented results for magnetic poles. The similarities in the characteristics of electric charges and electric charge, there are two kinds of magnetic poles (north and magnetic poles are magnepoles repel and unlike poles altract, as for electric charge. The forces between ntes may be described by an inverse-square law identical in form to the law for electric Coulombs law for magnetic poles is: 12 where F1 the force in newtons (N) on magnetic pole I due to mag permeability of free space 4π x 107 H/rn (E-henry); magnetic pole l in units to be determined (see question 4); 4t 42 magnetic pole 2 in units to be determined (see question 4); F2 distance in meters (m) between magnetic poles I and 2: 12 unit vector from magnctic pole 1 to magnetic pole 2. Additionally, the principle of superposition applies as it does for the forces between electric There are, however, important differences between electric charges and magnetic poles. Electric charge is an intrinsic property of certain subatomic particles such as electrons and protons that have little or no structure and so may be treated as dimensionless points. Coulombs law for electric point charges may therefore be regarded as exact. Electric charges create lines of force that begin and end on these charges. The analogs to electric charge, isolated magnetic poles (also called monopoles), do not actually exist. Magnetic forces instead arise from electric current. In the case of a permanent magnet, that current consists of a myriad of charged subatomic particles spinning and orbiting within the magnetic material. The cooperative effect of these moving charges gives rise to lines of force that have no beginning or end, but form closed loops. A magnetic pole is simply the approximate location from which magnetic lines of force appear to diverge from or converge to.
Advance Staty Assigement Coulembs Law Since the location of a pole is only approximate, Coulombs law for magnetic poles must also only be regarded as approximate. Am magnetic poles, which we have seen to be only a convenient fiction, always come in equal and additional consequence of closed magnetic lines of force is that opposite pairs (dipoles) Despite its approximate nature, the pole model of magnetism is useful in situations. It is by charging relatively strong magnetic forces than it is to produce electric spheres electrically. Consequently, you will use the pole model in this exercise to study the up forces between electric charges known magnets are analogy. The price you will pay for this convenience is that all dipoles. This means that you will have four poles when you are using two thereby knowingly magnets. You will neglect the two extra poles and the forces they produce APPARATUS this exercise, you will use a magnetic balance to investigate the forces between magnetic poles and by analogy, the forces between point charges. In particular, you will investigate the inverse- square dependence of magnetic force on pole separation distance. magnetic balance is composed of two permanent magncts, each with a north and south pole. Both magnets are positioned rock like a see-saw and magnets are positioned so that one pole of theu horizontally one above the other, with the lower magnet able to the upper magnet able to move up and down a vertical scale. The two is positioned directly above the same the lower magnetic so that the poles repel cach other. (The other pole of each magnet is off poles exert can be neglected.) A rider rests on the pper magnet other so that the forces those to one side or the opposite arm of the lower magnet 92 12 ai The weight of the rider F, causes the lower magnet to rotate clockwise about its fulcrum. The position of the upper magnet may then be varied vertically so that the repulsive force Fin of q2 on gi brings the lower magnet into balance. With the lower magnet balanced, the force F, that pole 92 exerts on pole qi may be calculated from the equations for a system in static equilibrium
QUESTIONS 1. Discuss the nature of the forces between electric point charges. List three ways in which the observed behavior of electrostatic charges and magnetic poles are similar; list three ways in which they are different. Why does the inverse square law which holds exactly for electric charges, hold only approximately for magnetic poles? Explain why we use the magnetic pole model that is only approximate to study Coulombs law for electrostatic charges. 2.
Advance Stody Assignment Coulombs Law 3. What are the SI units for magnetic pole strength? (Hint: do a units analysis of Coulombs ts with which you are not familiar in your textbook. The constant of free space. Show your work.) 4xx 10 Wm H- Henry) and is called the permeability Suppose the pole strength of the magnets in this experiment are g-10 each (use the units you found for pole strength in exert the same size electric charges that would for each separation distance as the magnetic force 3). Find the size of the produced by these magnetic poles Use Coulombs law to calculate the magnetic force versus pole separation distance for two es, each of strength q-10 (use the units you found for pole strength in ) and separation distance from 0.02 m to 0.18 m in increments of 0.02 m. 5. magnetic vide one example calculation; i.e., for one of the separation distances, show 1) Coulombs law in algebraic form, 2) numbers substituted with units, and 3) the answer with units. All other calculations can be made elsewhere. Record the results in the table below. Plot your data with a computer-graphing program. Make sure to provide the correct scale, label and units for your axes, and title for your graph. This graph will be similar to the data you will graph during the lab exercise. Distance (m) Force (N) 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18
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Answer #1

1.

Coulombs law state that the electrostatic force between two charge is directly proportional to the product of their magnitude of charge and inversely proportional to the square of distance between them. From this law we get the nature of force is two like point charge are repel each other and two unlike charge attract each other. For example when we consider same charge positive or negative then the electrostatics force are repulsive for opposite charge the force is attractive. And the force, attractive or repulsive act along the line between two charge.

2.

The major similarity between electric charge and magnetic pole are

  • Both the like charge or pole are always repel each other and unlike charge or pole attract each other.
  • Electric field produce by two charge positive or negative similarly magnetic field produce by two magnetic pole south or north.
  • The magnetic force are inversely proportional to the distance between the magnetic pole similarly the electric force are also inversely proportional to distance between the charge.     

the major difference between electric charge and magnetic dipole are

  • Electric charge can exist on their own but magnetic pole does not exist with out both north and south pole.
  • Electric charge are full of negative or positive but magnetic poles are magnetic character.
  • Electric charge are sources of Electric field and magnetic pole source of magnetic field.

3.

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