Question

Describe the protocol that might be used by two people having a telephonic conversation to initiate and end the conversation.

Answer 1

Answer:

Protocol that might be used by two people having a telephonic conversation to initiate and end the conversation:

Digital IP-based telephone service uses control protocols such as the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), Skinny Client Control Protocol(SCCP) or various other proprietary protocols.

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signaling protocol used for initiating, maintaining, and terminating real-time sessions that include voice, video and messaging applications. SIP is used for signaling and controlling multimedia communication sessions in applications of Internet telephony for voice and video calls, in private IP telephone systems, in instant messaging over Internet Protocol(IP) networks as well as mobile phone calling over LTE (VoLTE).

The idea behind this protocol was to make it look similar as when you using a regular phone, i.e. enter the number you would like to call, hear the phone ringing or a busy signal. The main difference according to a regular phone’s protocol is that when using the Internet as device for transporting the call, no actually circuit in the network is established.

The protocol defines the specific format of messages exchanged and the sequence of communications for cooperation of the participants. SIP is a text-based protocol, incorporating many elements of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). A call established with SIP may consist of multiple media streams, but no separate streams are required for applications, such as text messaging, that exchange data as payload in the SIP message.

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