Question

On this project you will make calculations and conclusions based on real data collected by the NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, an agency of the United States government) on the “Daily Lake Average Surface Water Temperature” of six lakes (Ontario, Erie, Huron, Michigan, Superior, and St. Clair) during the 2019 calendar year.

You can find the actual data file here that contain the average temperatures for each day of the year for each of the six lakes. Data were collected between January and December 2019 and are in degrees Celsius.

https://coastwatch.glerl.noaa.gov/ftp/glsea/avgtemps/2019/glsea-temps2019_1024.dat

Days are numbered 1 to 365, 1 being January 1st and December 31st being 365.

You must use the C program to read the file and put the data into arrays. Download the file and clean it up to

make it compatible – simply remove all lines above

2019001 3.29 4.19 3.50 4.06 4.59 2.9

HINT > Use a simple text editor to clean up the file.

Do not enter data by hand!

HINT > Have a loop that goes from 1 to 365 and fill one array per lake (one cell per iteration). The cell number will act as the day of the year (just leave cell 0 unused).

Required elements:

Each required element should have its own program (.c) file although one program with separate helper functions is also an excellent implementation.

All computations to be done in C using the imported data file.

NOTE > You are not obligated to use Geany, you can use any C IDE (Quincy, C-Free...).

1. Calculatetheyearlyaveragetemperatureforeachofthelakes,andtheyearlyaverageforallsixlakes put together.

2. Indicatewhichlakeisthecoldestandwhichoneisthewarmest,basedontheaverageyearly temperatures calculated in step #1. Also indicate which lakes have average temperatures above the average of all the lakes and which ones are below that same average.

3. Indicatethedayandthetemperatureforthewarmestwatertemperaturesforeachofthelakes.Do

the same for the coldest temperatures. You must convert the day of the year value into a date/month

format.

NOTES > If there are multiple dates with the coldest or warmest temperature display them all, but if you display only one you will not be penalized. Date/month conversion must be exact. Never assume that all months have 30 days.

Answer 1

Working code implemented in C and comments for better understanding:

Code for main.c:

//include required header files
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

//declare array size
#define MAX 367
//declare number of days in month in the year
int daysPerMonth[12] = { 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 };

//Helper functions
void readDateFile(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[]);
void yearlyAverageTemperature(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[], float Erie[],
float Ontario[], float StClair[], float avg[]);
void yearlyColdestWarmest(float avg[]);
void warmestEachLake(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[]);
void numberToDate(int num);
void coldestEachLake(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[]);
void warmestColdestOverall(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[]);
void sort(float avg[], char lake[6][20]);
void winterAverage(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[]);
void swimComfortably(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[]);
void lakesFreeze(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[]);
void summerAverage(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[]);

// main function
int main()
{
// Declare arrays to store temperature
float Superior[MAX], Michigan[MAX], Huron[MAX], Erie[MAX], Ontario[MAX], StClair[MAX];

// decalre variable to store the average for each lake
float average[6];

// Call the function to read file data and store it in respective arrays
readDateFile(Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario, StClair);

//1. Calculate the yearly average temperature
//Call the function to displays yearly average temperature of each lake
yearlyAverageTemperature(Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario, StClair, average);

//2. Calculate coldest and warmest lakes.
//Call the function to displays coldest and warmest lake
yearlyColdestWarmest(average);

//3.Call the function to displays warmest lake and day
warmestEachLake(Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario, StClair);

// Call the function to displays coldest lake and day
coldestEachLake(Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario, StClair);

//4. Call the function to displays overall coldest and warmest lake with day
warmestColdestOverall(Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario, StClair);

//5. Call the function to displays summer average of each lake
summerAverage(Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario, StClair);

//6. Call the function to displays winter average of each lake
winterAverage(Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario, StClair);

//7. Call the function to displays lake name having above 20 degree
swimComfortably(Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario, StClair);

//8. Call the function to displays lake name having less than 0 degree
lakesFreeze(Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario, StClair);

}// End of main function

//Implement the function to read the data from the file
void readDateFile(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[])
{
//count num records
int i = 0;
char heading[80];
int year, day = 0;

// Creates a file pointer to open the file glsea-temps2017_1024.dat in read mode
FILE *fpK = fopen("glsea-temps2017_1024.dat", "r");

// Checks if file is unable to open then display error message
if (fpK == NULL)
{
// Display error message
puts("Error: Could not open the input file");
exit(0);
}// End of if

// Extracts dates from file and stores
//it in structure object
while (!feof(fpK))
{
// Extracts a temperature and stores it in counter index position of respective arrays
fscanf(fpK, "%d %d %f %f %f %f %f %f", &year, &day, &Superior[i], &Michigan[i], &Huron[i],
&Erie[i], &Ontario[i], &StClair[i]);
// Increase the record counter by one
i++;
}// End of while loop
// Close the file
fclose(fpK);
}// End of function

//implement method compute the yearly average temperature
void yearlyAverageTemperature(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[], float avg[])
{
//decalre local variables
int i = 0;
float completeAverage, completeTotal = 0, tot[6] = { 0 };

// Loops for 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 363; i++)
{
tot[0] += Superior[i];
tot[1] += Michigan[i];
tot[2] += Huron[i];
tot[3] += Erie[i];
tot[4] += Ontario[i];
tot[5] += StClair[i];
}// End of for loop

//compute overall average
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
avg[i] = tot[i] / 365.0f;
}
//compute overall average for the average of lakes
completeAverage = (avg[0] + avg[1] + avg[2] + avg[2] + avg[3] + avg[4] + avg[5]) / 7.0;

//print each average for each lake
printf("\n Superior Average = %.2f \n Michigan Average = %.2f \n Huron Average = %.2f \
\n Erie Average = %.2f \n Ontario Average = %.2f \n StClair Average = %.2f",
avg[0], avg[1], avg[2], avg[3], avg[4], avg[5]);
//print overall average for all the lakes
printf("\n Yearly average for all six lakes = %.2f\n\n", completeAverage);
}// End of function

//Implement method YearlyColdestWarmest
void yearlyColdestWarmest(float avg[])
{
//compare each average and print if the lake is coldest or warmest
if (avg[0] < avg[1] && avg[0] < avg[2] && avg[0] < avg[3] &&
avg[0] < avg[4] && avg[0] < avg[5])
printf("\n Coldest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "Superior", avg[0]);
else if (avg[1] < avg[2] && avg[1] < avg[3] && avg[1] < avg[4] &&
avg[1] < avg[5])
printf("\n Coldest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "Michigan", avg[1]);
else if (avg[2] < avg[3] && avg[2] < avg[4] && avg[2] < avg[5])
printf("\n Coldest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "Huron", avg[2]);
else if (avg[3] < avg[4] && avg[3] < avg[5])
printf("\n Coldest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "Erie", avg[3]);
else if (avg[4] < avg[5])
printf("\n Coldest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "Ontario", avg[4]);
else
printf("\n Coldest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "StClair", avg[5]);
if (avg[0] > avg[1] && avg[0] > avg[2] && avg[0] > avg[3] && avg[0] > avg[4] &&
avg[0] > avg[5])
printf("\n Warmest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "Superior", avg[0]);
else if (avg[1] > avg[2] && avg[1] > avg[3] && avg[1] > avg[4] && avg[1] > avg[5])
printf("\n Warmest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "Michigan", avg[1]);
else if (avg[2] > avg[3] && avg[2] > avg[4] && avg[2] > avg[5])
printf("\n Warmest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "Huron", avg[2]);
else if (avg[3] > avg[4] && avg[3] > avg[5])
printf("\n Warmest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "Erie", avg[3]);
else if (avg[4] > avg[5])
printf("\n Warmest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "Ontario", avg[4]);
else
printf("\n Warmest lake: %s \n Having average = %.2f", "StClair", avg[5]);
}// End of function

//Implement method warmestEachLake
void warmestEachLake(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[], float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[])
{
int i;
float warmTempOntario, warmTempErie, warmTempHuron, warmTempMichigan, warmTempSuperior, warmTempStClair;
warmTempOntario = warmTempErie = warmTempHuron = warmTempMichigan = warmTempSuperior = warmTempStClair = 0.0f;

int warmDayOntario, warmDayErie, warmDayHuron, warmDayMichigan, warmDaySuperior, warmDayStClair;

// Loops for 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 365; i++)
{
if (Ontario[i] > warmTempOntario)
{
warmTempOntario = Ontario[i];
warmDayOntario = i;
}// End of if condition
if (Erie[i] > warmTempErie)
{
warmTempErie = Erie[i];
warmDayErie = i;
}// End of if condition
if (Huron[i] > warmTempHuron)
{
warmTempHuron = Huron[i];
warmDayHuron = i;
}// End of if condition
if (Michigan[i] > warmTempMichigan)
{
warmTempMichigan = Michigan[i];
warmDayMichigan = i;
}// End of if condition
if (Superior[i] > warmTempSuperior)
{
warmTempSuperior = Superior[i];
warmDaySuperior = i;
}// End of if condition
if (StClair[i] > warmTempStClair)
{
warmTempStClair = StClair[i];
warmDayStClair = i;
}// End of if condition
}// End of for loop
//print the results
printf("\n\n Lake Ontario warmest water temperature %.2f ", warmTempOntario);
numberToDate(warmDayOntario);
printf("\n Lake Erie warmest water temperature %.2f", warmTempErie);
numberToDate(warmDayErie);
printf("\n Lake Huron warmest water temperature %.2f", warmTempHuron);
numberToDate(warmDayHuron);
printf("\n Lake Michigan warmest water temperature %.2f ", warmTempMichigan);
numberToDate(warmDayMichigan);
printf("\n Lake Superior warmest water temperature %.2f ", warmTempSuperior);
numberToDate(warmDaySuperior);
printf("\n Lake StClair warmest water temperature %.2f ", warmTempStClair);
numberToDate(warmDayStClair);
}// End of function

//Based on the day's number,
//calculate which date and month that number
void numberToDate(int num)
{
//declare local variable
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 12; i++)
{
//if the date number is greater than the number of days
//in the current month, then that date
//does not belong to this month else, it belongs to this month.
if (num > daysPerMonth[i])
{
num -= daysPerMonth[i];
}
else
{
printf(" Day: %d/%d ", num, i + 1);
break;
}
}
}

//implement method coldestEachLake
void coldestEachLake(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[], float Erie[],
float Ontario[], float StClair[])
{
//declare local variables
int i;
float coldTempOntario, coldTempErie, coldTempHuron, coldTempMichigan,
coldTempSuperior, coldTempStClair;
coldTempOntario = coldTempErie = coldTempHuron =
coldTempMichigan = coldTempSuperior = coldTempStClair = 100.0;
int coldDayOntario, coldDayErie, coldDayHuron, coldDayMichigan,
coldDaySuperior, coldDayStClair;

// Loops for 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 365; i++)
{
if (Ontario[i] < coldTempOntario)
{
coldTempOntario = Ontario[i];
coldDayOntario = i;
}// End of if condition
if (Erie[i] <= coldTempErie)
{
coldTempErie = Erie[i];
coldDayErie = i;
}// End of if condition
if (Huron[i] <= coldTempHuron)
{
coldTempHuron = Huron[i];
coldDayHuron = i;
}// End of if condition
if (Michigan[i] <= coldTempMichigan)
{
coldTempMichigan = Michigan[i];
coldDayMichigan = i;
}// End of if condition
if (Superior[i] <= coldTempSuperior)
{
coldTempSuperior = Superior[i];
coldDaySuperior = i;
}// End of if condition
if (StClair[i] <= coldTempStClair)
{
coldTempStClair = StClair[i];
coldDayStClair = i;
}// End of if condition
}// End of for loop

printf("\n\n Lake Ontario coldest water temperature %.2f ", coldTempOntario);
numberToDate(coldDayOntario);
printf("\n Lake Erie coldest water temperature %.2f", coldTempErie);
numberToDate(coldDayErie);
printf("\n Lake Huron coldest water temperature %.2f", coldTempHuron);
numberToDate(coldDayHuron);
printf("\n Lake Michigan coldest water temperature %.2f ", coldTempMichigan);
numberToDate(coldDayMichigan);
printf("\n Lake Superior coldest water temperature %.2f ", coldTempSuperior);
numberToDate(coldDaySuperior);
printf("\n Lake StClair coldest water temperature %.2f ", coldTempStClair);
numberToDate(coldDayStClair);
}// End of function

//implement function warmestColdestOverall
void warmestColdestOverall(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[])
{
int i;
float warmTemp = 0.0f, coldTemp = 500.0f;
int warmDay, coldDay;
char *warmLake = NULL, *coldLake = NULL;

// Loops for 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 365; i++)
{
if (Ontario[i] > warmTemp)
{
warmLake = "Ontario";
warmTemp = Ontario[i];
warmDay = i;
}// End of if condition

if (Ontario[i] < coldTemp)
{
coldLake = "Ontario";
coldTemp = Ontario[i];
coldDay = i;
}// End of if condition
}// End of for loop

// Loops for 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 365; i++)
{
if (Erie[i] > warmTemp)
{
warmLake = "Erie";
warmTemp = Erie[i];
warmDay = i;
}// End of if condition

if (Erie[i] < coldTemp)
{
coldLake = "Erie";
coldTemp = Erie[i];
coldDay = i;
}// End of if condition
}// End of for loop

// Loops for 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 365; i++)
{
if (Huron[i] > warmTemp)
{
warmLake = "Huron";
warmTemp = Huron[i];
warmDay = i;
}// End of if condition

if (Huron[i] < coldTemp)
{
coldLake = "Huron";
coldTemp = Huron[i];
coldDay = i;
}// End of if condition
}// End of for loop

// Loops for 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 365; i++)
{
if (Michigan[i] > warmTemp)
{
warmLake = "Michigan";
warmTemp = Michigan[i];
warmDay = i;
}// End of if condition

if (Michigan[i] < coldTemp)
{
coldLake = "Michigan";
coldTemp = Michigan[i];
coldDay = i;
}// End of if condition
}// End of for loop

// Loops for 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 365; i++)
{
if (Superior[i] > warmTemp)
{
warmLake = "Superior";
warmTemp = Superior[i];
warmDay = i;
}// End of if condition

if (Superior[i] < coldTemp)
{
coldLake = "Superior";
coldTemp = Superior[i];
coldDay = i;
}// End of if condition
}// End of for loop

// Loops for 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 365; i++)
{
if (StClair[i] > warmTemp)
{
warmLake = "StClair";
warmTemp = StClair[i];
warmDay = i;
}// End of if condition

if (StClair[i] < coldTemp)
{
coldLake = "StClair";
coldTemp = StClair[i];
coldDay = i;
}// End of if condition
}// End of for loop
printf("\n\n Warmest water temperature overall Day: %d Lake: %s Temperature: %.2f",
(warmDay + 1), warmLake, warmTemp);
printf("\n Coldest water temperature overall Day: %d Lake: %s Temperature: %.2f",
(coldDay + 1), coldLake, coldTemp);
}// End of function

//sort the temperatures based on the averages
void sort(float avg[], char lake[6][20])
{
//decalre local variables
int i, j;
char templ[20];

// Loops 6 times for 6 lakes
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
// Loops till 6 minus outer loop variable (because
//after each iteration one record is sorted)
for (j = 0; j < 6 - i - 1; j++)
{
if (avg[j] < avg[j + 1])
{
float temp = avg[j];
avg[j] = avg[j + 1];
avg[j + 1] = temp;

strcpy(templ, lake[j]);
strcpy(lake[j], lake[j + 1]);
strcpy(lake[j + 1], templ);
}// End of if condition
}// End of inner for loop
}// End of outer for loop
}// End of function

//implement the function to find the summer average
void summerAverage(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[])
{
//declare local variables
int i;
float average[6];
float total[6] = { 0 };
char lake[6][20] = { "Superior", "Michigan", "Huron", "Erie", "Ontario", "StClair" };

// Loops from 171 to 264
//(because array index position begins from 0)
for (i = 171; i < 264; i++)
{
total[0] += Superior[i];
total[1] += Michigan[i];
total[2] += Huron[i];
total[3] += Erie[i];
total[4] += Ontario[i];
total[5] += StClair[i];
}// End of for loop

// Loops 6 times for 6 lakes
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
average[i] = total[i] / (float)(265 - 172);
}
sort(average, lake);
printf("\n\n Summer Warmest to Coldest");
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
printf("\n Lake: %-20s Temperature: %.2f", lake[i], average[i]);
}
}// End of function

//implement the fucntion to find winter average
void winterAverage(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[])
{
int i;
float average[6];
float total[6] = { 0 };
char lake[6][20] = { "Superior", "Michigan", "Huron", "Erie", "Ontario", "StClair" };

// Loops for 79 days from 1 to 78 (because array index position begins from 0)
for (i = 0; i < 78; i++)
{
total[0] += Superior[i];
total[1] += Michigan[i];
total[2] += Huron[i];
total[3] += Erie[i];
total[4] += Ontario[i];
total[5] += StClair[i];
}// End of for loop

// Loops for 10 days from 355 to 364 (because array index position begins from 0)
for (i = 354; i < 364; i++)
{
total[0] += Superior[i];
total[1] += Michigan[i];
total[2] += Huron[i];
total[3] += Erie[i];
total[4] += Ontario[i];
total[5] += StClair[i];
}// End of for loop
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
average[i] = total[i] / (float)(79 + 10);
}
sort(average, lake);
printf("\n\n Winter Warmest to Coldest");
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
printf("\n Lake: %-20s Temperature: %.2f", lake[i], average[i]);
}
}// End of function

//implement the function swimComfortably
void swimComfortably(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[])
{
//declare local variables
int i;
int days[6] = { 0 };
char lake[6][20] = { "Superior", "Michigan", "Huron", "Erie", "Ontario", "StClair" };

// Loops for 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 365; i++)
{
if (Superior[i] > 20)
days[0]++;
if (Michigan[i] > 20)
days[1]++;
if (Huron[i] > 20)
days[2]++;
if (Erie[i] > 20)
days[3]++;
if (Ontario[i] > 20)
days[4]++;
if (StClair[i] > 20)
days[5]++;
}// End of for loop
printf("\n\n Swim comfortably in the lake ");
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
printf("\n Lake %s Days = %d", lake[i], days[i]);
}
}// End of function

//implemebt the function to compute number of days in Freeze
void lakesFreeze(float Superior[], float Michigan[], float Huron[],
float Erie[], float Ontario[], float StClair[])
{
//declare local variables
int i;
int days[6] = { 0 };
char lake[6][20] = { "Superior", "Michigan", "Huron", "Erie", "Ontario", "StClair" };

// Loops for 0 to 365 days
for (i = 0; i < 365; i++)
{
if (Superior[i] < 0)
days[0]++;
if (Michigan[i] < 0)
days[1]++;
if (Huron[i] < 0)
days[2]++;
if (Erie[i] < 0)
days[3]++;
if (Ontario[i] < 0)
days[4]++;
if (StClair[i] < 0)
days[5]++;
}// End of for loop
printf("\n\n Lakes freeze ");
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
printf("\n Lake %s Days = %d", lake[i], days[i]);
}
printf("\n\n");
}// End of function

Output Screenshots:

Hope it helps. Thank you.