The mother of a 6-month-old infant calls the office requesting an appointment for her child. She...
The mother of a 6-month-old infant calls the office requesting an appointment for her child. She advises that she thinks the child's head appears swollen and that there are areas that appear to be bulging. What is your response regarding the appointment?
Homework Answers
This is known as a bulging fontanelle and may be a sign of brain swelling or fluid buildup in the brain.
During birth, fontanelles enable the bony plates of the skull to flex, allowing the child's head to pass through the birth canal. The ossification of the bones of the skull causes the anterior fontanelle to close over by 9 to 18 months after birth.
A bulging fontanelle is an emergency. It can be a sign of pressure rising inside the skull which may result in damage to the baby’s developing brain.
Some of the most common causes of a bulging fontanel are:
- encephalitis, which is a brain inflammation caused by a viral or bacterial infection
- hydrocephalus, which is excess brain fluid that’s present at birth or occurs from injury or infection
- meningitis, which is inflammation of the brain and spinal cord tissue that results from a viral or bacterial infection
- hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, which is brain swelling and damage that occurs when your baby’s brain is deprived of oxygen for a long period
- intracranial hemorrhaging, which is bleeding in the brain
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