A researcher is interested in whether coffee consumption helps with performance on reading comprehension tasks. The participants in the research will read an academic passage for 20 minutes during the study, and then take a short quiz about the passage that they read. The response variable in this study would be the participant’s score on the quiz.
The researcher recruits 40 students for the study.
(a) Suppose that the researcher schedules the activity for 9am on a particular day, and asks each participant how much coffee he or she had consumed that morning prior to arrival. Furthermore, suppose that those that reported drinking coffee scored higher on the quiz than those who did not. Briefly explain why a cause and effect association between coffee consumption and quiz score cannot be made from this research approach.
(b) Suppose the researcher wanted to perform this study as a randomized experiment. Explain briefly how this could be done.
(c) Which of the following terms applies or could apply to your experimental design described in part (b)? Circle all the terms that apply or could apply.
Blinding Placebo Control Group
a) A cause and effect association between coffee consumption and quiz score cannot be made from this research approach as there are certain external and internal factors affecting the situation. The reading capacity of the reader, his observation level, intellectual level are certain other factors which affect the quiz score and are not being considered in this situation.
b) In order to perform this study as a randomized experiment, the respondents need to be chosen randomly without any biasness or convenience of the researcher. The respondents irrespective of the age, closeness to the researcher, gender and convenience of the researcher need to be selected randomly.
c) Blinding experimental design is where the respondents are refrained from knowing certain information which might influence their responses.
Placebo is an inert treatment which would cause only psychological efefct and no known results.
Control Group is an experiment group which does not freceive any treatment from the researcher and thus act as a benchmark to measure how the other respondents would react.
Thus the terms that apply to the experimental design are as :
Placebo : As drinking coffee only affects the psychology, so it is applied to the experimental design.
Control Group : There is a control group being introduced as a group of people who havent taken coffee and other group which has taken the coffee and thus acts as a control group.
A researcher is interested in whether coffee consumption helps with performance on reading comprehension tasks. The...
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