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Can you please draw the reaction mechanism (including arrows and lone pairs) for the reaction between...

Can you please draw the reaction mechanism (including arrows and lone pairs) for the reaction between a ketone and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)? Thanks!!

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Answer #1

Ketone has a carbonyl group (C=O), here carbonyl carbon attached to two other alkyl or aryl groups. Carbonyl carbon has partial positive charge on it and carbonyl oxygen has partial negative charge on it.

Sulfuric acid is a strong inorganic acid which can donate its proton in the reaction mixture. This proton helps to protonate the oxygen present in the carbonyl group of ketone.

Therefore, sulfuric acid can just protonate the oxygen present in the ketone and this protonation makes carbonyl group more electrophile. So, any nucleophile can easily attack on the carbonyl carbon of ketone.

Reaction and mechanism of ketone and sulfuric acid shown below:

Note: The above formed electrophilic carbon can react with nucleophile to get different products.

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