Question

how you think you might apply these concepts in your future career being software development?

Apply programming language constructs such as sequence, selection, iteration, and calculations to transform data.

Use variables and data structures, such as arrays and objects, to manage data.

Perform system administration tasks such as manipulating files and folders and controlling users, groups, and permissions.

Configure users’ file and directory permissions for security and privacy.

Use the file redirection and pipelines to control the flow of data to and from various commands.

Answer 1

It seems to be a very sound discussion on whether how we will be able to utilize our raw technical knowledge into meaningful products.

For simplicity purposes, I will divide the explanation into parts.

So, Let's start :

PART ONE: HOW CAN WE APPLY PROGRAMMING IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIKE ITERATION, SEQUENCE ETC.

* First of all for becoming a software developer, all we need is good basics and a good understanding of Computer science disciplines.

* Here computer science discipline doesn't always include programming, algorithm or programming language but contains the overall knowledge like Operating System, Data Structures, Algorithms, Networking, Programming, Assembling, Database Management, etc.

* All these are important disciplines of computer science and we need good basics or fundamentals of all these to build a successful career in industry.

* Coming back to the concerned area of this part, How do we apply programming in software development?

* We apply it by following the standard software development life cycle model. We apply the principles of programming in the Implementation part of the life cycle model.

* Suppose a software company is producing ABC Software for their Client X. Now that client X requires some additional features in the software. Now, this comes as a new Change Request to the organization ABC. Now we are developers in ABC and we got the requirement documents from the client. Now we have to perform the full level analysis whether this change or feature support is feasible or not. If feasible, what steps need to be taken.

Hence, after requirement analysis, developers present their approach for solving the problem and once this approach gets approved from senior developers, the Coding part comes into the picture.

Since you know the basics of programming, according to that you need to write some utility functions or methods which will compute some data or validate some data.

Here you can use your basic programming knowledge of iterations, sequence, calculations, etc.

This is a standard process which most of the IT companies follow.

PART TWO: HOW TO USE VARIABLES, DATA STRUCTURES?

* One of the most important subjects of CSE is Data structures and everyone knows its importance. Consider the above example. Suppose you are writing a utility function where you need to perform operations based on user input. Since user input can be more or less, so you don't know the size. Here the best data structure suited for storing an unknown number of elements will be Linked List. Based on the problem and type of operations you have to select your data structures and you need to be very careful in that.

* Suppose you need to put operations on fixed data multiple times, you can use arrays, classes, structures, etc. so that accessing time will be in O(1) and hence speeding your operations and optimizing your approach.

* No data structure is best and no one is best. It depends on our requirements that what things will be suited best to solve the problem.

* Sometimes a single variable can make your code and sometimes you need to store an array of variables for processing.

* Generally, boolean variables are used to store as a FLAG value i.e., whether to perform an operation or not. Consider a situation where you need to process XML's but you need to process them only when they have specific tags only. So, you can take a boolean variable like PROCESS, and make it true only when the XML has certain tags. Thus, they will help in the readability of code in an effective manner.

PART THREE: PERFORMING SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION, MANIPULATING FILES

* For System admin position, you need to be sound in the Operating system, Users, Groups and Administrator privileges of different accounts, configuration management of the system, etc.

* For system admin, you will be responsible for controlling the unauthorized access to a shared resource. For e.g., there is a file named Important.txt which needs to be accessed by the group of company employees only. Hence you will make sure that File permissions for important.txt will be given to those people specifically like giving them the access to read and write files while others don't have the access to see it.

* System admin keeps tracks on the unauthorized requests and adds them in the Exception list if required.

* System admin needs sound knowledge of install, uninstall, upgrade, downgrade software and hardware components and provide automation.

* One of the examples of System admin is DBA(Database administrator) responsible for maintaining the integrity and efficiency of Database.

* User's file configuration and privacy can be achieved by using some Linux commands like "chown", "chmod" whereas in windows "attrib" command is used.

* By allowing different permissions to different groups or individuals, privacy is maintained.

PART FOUR: REDIRECTION AND PIPING

One of the most frequently used things is piping and redirection. Redirection means directing either input to a command or directing the output of a command to an external file on disk.

Piping means the output of a command is being provided as an input to another command.

I will give an example of both things.

REDIRECTION:

1. Consider a windows 10 Operating system. launch cmd.exe from the start menu

2. The echo command is used to print in DOS

3. Now type echo "Hello World" > new.txt

This command will not print anything because the output redirection operator (>) is used here and hence the whole output of this command is dumped into a text file new.txt.

if the file doesn't exist, this command will create a new file and dump the output in that file.

The same operator is also used in Linux.

For e.g. ls -a > DirectorInfo.txt

This will store the output of ls -a in DirectoryInfo.txt, If the file doesn't exist, it will create a file and dump the output in that.

Types of redirection operator:

1. > : This is used to empty a file and write it.

1. >> : This is used to append in a file.

PIPING:

The meaning of piping is developed from its concept. Just like a water flows in a pipe. The output of command flows from a pipe and becomes an input for a new command.

e.g. In Windows: tasklist | findstr /i "cmd.exe" Tasklist will give all the running process and its output is piped using the piping operator ( | ). Hence the output containing all processes name is given to a new command which will search and print the cmd.exe process.

e.g. ls -a | grep "Notebook.txt" The same can be applied in Linux also.

I think this will help you to get an idea of how software development and related activities are done.

Keep learning Kepp Chegging ;)

Don't forget to thumbs up if it really helped you.

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