Question

In logic, an argument is a series of propositions in which a certain proposition (called a conclusion) follows from a set of premises or assumptions. There tends to be a set of expressions that indicate arguments. These are known as argument indicators. Examples include therefore, hence, thus and so on.

In a standard organization of arguments, the argument begins by laying out all of the premises or assumptions, then provides an argument indicator, and finally presents the conclusion.

However, arguments are frequently organized in what might be thought of as nonstandard or nonideal ways. In some cases, the conclusion will occur at the beginning, followed by premises and the argument indicators. In other instances, there may be an initial premise, then an argument indicator and a conclusion, followed by several additional premises.

Is the following paragraph an argument? Please translate it into propositional logic formulas. Use the following letters for atomic propositions:

E: There are evil events

P: There are evil people.

G: God exists.

D: God is good.

There are many evil events or evil people in the world. For this reason, God does not exist. For if God did exist, and by definition God is good, then there would be no evil in the world. But since there are evil events and people, God must not exist.

Answer 1

Yes, Arguments. Because there are initial premises, then an argument indicator and a conclusion

There are many evil events or evil people in the world. For this reason, God does not exist
(E v P) -> ~G

For if God did exist, and by definition God is good, then there would be no evil in the world.
(G ∧ D) -> (~E ∧ ~P)

there are evil events and people
(E ∧ P)

God must not exist
Conclusion: ~G