Question

Which of the following best describes where earthquakes occur?

	Earthquakes occur far from plate boundaries
	Earthquakes occur along coastlines
	Earthquakes occur in warm climates
	Earthquakes occur on or near plate boundaries

Which of the following scenarios would result in a LOW intensity earthquake?

	A magnitude 5 earthquake a few miles from Seattle
	A magnitude 5 earthquake near San Francisco bay
	A magnitude 5 earthquake one mile from Los Angeles
	A magnitude 5 earthquake on the mid-Atlantic ridge

Tsunamis are formed by earthquakes at the bottom of the ocean. Which type of plate boundary gives rise to the biggest and most dangerous tsunamis?

	Convergent boundaries with subduction
	Divergent boundaries
	Transform boundaries
	Convergent boundaries without subduction

The propagation speed of a tsunamis is determined by the depth of the water, and can be calculated as √{"version":"1.1","math":"<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msqrt></msqrt></math>"}(gH), which is the square root of (gravitational acceleration times Height or depth of the ocean water). Let’s assume that g = 10 m/s², how fast does a tsunami propagate in the middle of the ocean where the ocean depth is 4000 m?

	100 m/s (like the fastest high-speed trains)
	200 m/s (like a commercial jet plane)
	30 m/s (like a car on a highway)
	10 m/s (like a sprinter)

Which ocean is most prone to tsunamis?

	All ocean basins are equally prone to tsunamis
	Atlantic Ocean
	Arctic Ocean
	Pacific Ocean

The 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean was one of deadliest natural disasters in recorded history, with more than 230,000 fatalities. What made this tsunami so deadly?

	It was the result of one of the biggest earthquakes in recorded history.
	It hit one of the most densely populated regions in the world (Indonesia).
	The warning systems were ineffective or largely inadequate.
	All of the above

Which of the following will NOT cause melting of rock?

	Decreasing pressure
	Increasing pressure
	Addition of water
	Increasing temperature

Where does magma/lava originate in the Earth? (i.e., what is the source area of magma)

	The upper (shallow) portions of the crust (0-15 km depth)
	The deep mantle (1000-2900 km depth)
	The outer core (3000 km depth)
	The lower crust and upper portion of the mantle (15-150 km depth)

What type of magma would you expect to find erupting at Iceland?

	Mafic magma
	Felsic magma
	Both mafic and felsic magma
	There is no way to tell

Which of the following are characteristics of hot spot volcanoes erupting in the middle of an oceanic plate, far from a continent?

	They are shield volcanoes that erupt peacefully
	They erupt very hot, mafic magma that flows
	They form a line/chain of islands that are not all active at the same time
	All of the above describe oceanic hot spot volcanoes
	None of the above describe oceanic hot spot volcanoes

Which of the following type of rock is the most common rock type at the Earth's surface?

	Igneous
	Sedimentary
	Metamorphic
	All are equally common at Earth's surface

Which of the following can increase the likelihood of a landslide occurring in an area?

	Rock layers tilted downslope
	Adding pavement to a slope
	Healthy trees growing on a slope
	All of the above can increase the likelihood of a landslide
	None of the above will increase the likelihood of a landslide

What is a 100-year flood?

	A flood that lasts for 100 years
	A flood that happens on the same day every 100 years
	A severe flood that is guaranteed to happen every 100 years
	A flood of a certain magnitude that statistically only happens once every 100 years

Answer 1

Answer 1 : Earthquakes occur on or near plate boundaries.

Answer 2 : A magnitude 5 earthquake one mile from Los Angeles.

Answer 3 : Convergent boundaries with subduction.

Answer 4 : v =√(g×d) = √(10×4000) =√40000 = 200 m/s.

Note : As per Chegg policy, for any question that contains more than four subparts, we must answer only the first four subparts unless a student specifically mentions which four subparts to answer. Thank you.