Question

A researcher examined the effect of studying strategies on test performance. One group of 10 individuals was instructed to study for an exam for 5 hours the night before the exam. A second group of 10 individuals was told to study for 5 hours by studying only 1 hour per night on the 5 nights prior to the exam. Thus the total amount of study time was the same, but in the first condition the study time was concentrated into 1 night, whereas in the second condition the study time was spread out over 5 nights. The individual then took an exam on which scores could range from 0 to 100, with higher values indicating better performance.

1. What is the IV (identify construct) and how is the IV operationally defined?

2. Is the IV a manipulated or a measured/participant variable? Explain.

3. What is the DV (identify construct) and how is the DV operationally defined?

Answer 1

Answer :

Basic Information:

A variable is a construct of some phenomena which varies or changes in an experiment or research..

There are mainly two types of variable a) Independent Variable, b) Dependent Variable.

An Independent Variable (IV) is that variable which is manipulated and has a direct effect on the dependent variable.

A Dependent Variable (DV) is that variable which is measured and it is directly affected by an Independent Variable.

Q.1 Answer:

The Independent Variable/ construct of the mentioned research study is-  Studying Strategy.

​​​​Operational Definition: The predefined hours of time and number days taken by two group of individuals ( 10 ) to study for an exam is called as studying strategy.

Q.2 Answer:

The Independent Variable (IV) is a manipulated variable where as the dependent variable is a measured variable.

Explanation: The Independent variable is changed or manipulated by the researcher to examine its effect on the dependent variable.

In the given research study the researcher instructed one group to study for 5 hrs the night before the exam while instructed another group to study for 1 hrs night for 5 nights before the exam.

Thus, the researcher manipulated the Independent Variable i.e Studying Strategy to examine its effect on test performance (dependent variable).

Q.3 Answer:

The dependent variable/ construct of the given research study is - Test performance.

Operational Definition: The score (ranges from 0 to 100) obtained by two group of individuals ( each group 10 individuals) in a particular test is called as Test Performance.

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