Question

USING KNOWLEDGE FROM C LANGUAGE PRGRAMMING DONT COMPILE ONLY JUST READ EACH OF THE FOLLWING LINES AND EXPLAIN WHAT THE LINES ARE DOING.

#include <stdint.h> //exact-width integer types

#include <ti\devices\msp432p4xx\driverlib\driverlib.h> //driver library

#define DCO_FREQ 48e6 //unit: Hz

uint32_t mclk, hsmclk, smclk, aclk, bclk;

void main(void)

{

uint32_t n;

WDT_A_holdTimer(); //stop watchdog timer

//Set the DCO Frequency.

//Only use DCO nominal frequencies: 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48MHz.

//Enable FPU for DCO Frequency calculation.

//Change VCORE to 1 to support a frequency higher than 24MHz.

//See data sheet for Flash wait-state requirement for a given frequency.

FPU_enableModule();

PCM_setCoreVoltageLevel(PCM_VCORE1);

FlashCtl_setWaitState(FLASH_BANK0, 1);

FlashCtl_setWaitState(FLASH_BANK1, 1);

CS_setDCOFrequency(DCO_FREQ);

//Init clock signals: MCLK, HSMCLK, SMCLK.

//Can be divided by 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, or 128.

CS_initClockSignal(CS_MCLK, CS_DCOCLK_SELECT, CS_CLOCK_DIVIDER_1);

CS_initClockSignal(CS_HSMCLK, CS_DCOCLK_SELECT, CS_CLOCK_DIVIDER_8);

CS_initClockSignal(CS_SMCLK, CS_DCOCLK_SELECT, CS_CLOCK_DIVIDER_16);

//Get clock signals settings.

mclk = CS_getMCLK();

hsmclk = CS_getHSMCLK();

smclk = CS_getSMCLK();

aclk = CS_getACLK();

bclk = CS_getBCLK();

//Configure P1.0 as output.

//P1.0 is connected to a red LED on LaunchPad.

GPIO_setAsOutputPin(GPIO_PORT_P1, GPIO_PIN0);

while(1)

{

//simple delay loop

for(n=0; n<1000000; n++)

{

//do nothing

}

GPIO_toggleOutputOnPin(GPIO_PORT_P1, GPIO_PIN0);

}

}

Answer 1

Please save it as '.c' file and open in a text editor then you will be able to differentiate comments and code easily

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#include <stdint.h> //Including stdint.h, stdint.h is a header file that having specified width by defining corresponding macros,

#include <ti\devices\msp432p4xx\driverlib\driverlib.h> //driver library is boing included from the specified path
//Driver library is a set of APIs used to configure, control the hardware periferals of MSP432 platform
#define DCO_FREQ 48e6 //DCO_FREQ is the macro, it means where ever we have DCO_FREQ we have the value, 48e6,
//DCO_FREQ: Frequency in Hz that the user wants to set the DCO to.

uint32_t mclk, hsmclk, smclk, aclk, bclk; // these are variables defined of type uint32_t, uint32_t is unsigned value between 0 to 2^32 -1

void main(void)

{

uint32_t n; //Another variable n of type uint32_t

WDT_A_holdTimer(); //stop watchdog timer from running, this way no interrupt or PUC is asserted

//Set the DCO Frequency.

//Only use DCO nominal frequencies: 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48MHz.

//Enable FPU for DCO Frequency calculation.

//Change VCORE to 1 to support a frequency higher than 24MHz.

//See data sheet for Flash wait-state requirement for a given frequency.

FPU_enableModule(); //This function enables the floating-point instructions to be executed

PCM_setCoreVoltageLevel(PCM_VCORE1); //This functions sets the core voltage level

FlashCtl_setWaitState(FLASH_BANK0, 1); //sets two variables, FLASH_BANK to set wait state for, waitState: the number of wait state to set

FlashCtl_setWaitState(FLASH_BANK1, 1);

CS_setDCOFrequency(DCO_FREQ); //Automatically sets/tunes the DCO to the given frequency. DCO_FREQ: Frequency in Hz that the user wants to set the DCO to.

//Init clock signals: MCLK, HSMCLK, SMCLK.

//Can be divided by 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, or 128.

CS_initClockSignal(CS_MCLK, CS_DCOCLK_SELECT, CS_CLOCK_DIVIDER_1); //This function initializes each of the clock signals.
/* The user must ensure that this function is called for each clock signal
3 variables passed are
ClockSignal-Clock signal to initialize.
clockSource-Clock source for the selectedClockSignal signal.
clockSourceDivider-selected the clock divider to calculate clock signal from clock source. This parameter is
ignored when setting BLCK.
*/
CS_initClockSignal(CS_HSMCLK, CS_DCOCLK_SELECT, CS_CLOCK_DIVIDER_8);

CS_initClockSignal(CS_SMCLK, CS_DCOCLK_SELECT, CS_CLOCK_DIVIDER_16);

//Get clock signals settings.
//Followinf 5 functions return corresponding MCLK frequency, SMCLK frequency etc.

mclk = CS_getMCLK(); //If a oscillator fault is set, the frequency returned will be based on the fail safe mechanism of CS module.

hsmclk = CS_getHSMCLK();

smclk = CS_getSMCLK();

aclk = CS_getACLK();

bclk = CS_getBCLK();

/*
This function configures the selected Pin as output pin.
This function selected pins on a selected port as output pins.
Two variables
selectedPort is the selected port.
selectedPins is the specified pin in the selected port.

*/
//Configure P1.0 as output.

//P1.0 is connected to a red LED on LaunchPad.
GPIO_setAsOutputPin(GPIO_PORT_P1, GPIO_PIN0);

while(1)

{

//simple delay loop

for(n=0; n<1000000; n++)

{

//do nothing

}
/*
This function toggles the output on the selected Pin.
This function toggles the output on the selected port’s pin.
*/
GPIO_toggleOutputOnPin(GPIO_PORT_P1, GPIO_PIN0);

}

}