Question

8a. Please define and explain a job analysis:

8b. Please define and explain a job description:

8c. Please define and give an example of a job specification:

8d. Job analysis data can be collected in several ways. Please list 4 ways it can be collected.

8e. What is a Functional Job Analysis?

8f. What is a Position Analysis Questionnaire?

8g. What is the Critical Incident Method?

Answer 1

8a: Job analysis:
Job analysis is a process of collecting & analyzing the information regarding content and human requirement for jobs, also the context on which jobs are performed. Through the job analysis we are able to determine roles and responsibilities , nature of job and decide qualification, skills and knowledge needed for an employee to perform the given job. This process is done by job analyst. The job analysis will help to determine which tasks are important & how they are carried out.
8b: job description:
The job description is a written statement which explains the work that needs to be done and the knowledge, skills and qualifications require to perform the work. Job description is written based on the data's collected through job analysis. Job description focus on job. It includes - job title, job location, job summary, working conditions, reporting to whom, job duties, hazards involved etc. It includes basic data's related to job that is helpful to advertise the particular job and attract group of talents. The main role of job description is to collect the data's for the job which helps to advertise for specific job. It is done in order to determine what needs to be delivered in a specific job.It tells the employees what is their role suppose if they got selected for the particular job opening. It also give the hiring staff details about what kind of candidates they have to hire for particular department or division to perform a specific job. It clarifies who will report whom
8c: Job specification:
A job specification is the written statement of educational qualification, experience, specific skills and qualities, physical emotional, technical and communication skills needed to perform a job and responsibilities required in a job .It also includes aptitude, memory, general and mental health, intelligence, leadership skills, judgement, adaptability, flexibility, emotional ability, values and ethics, also manners and creativity etc.Job specification focus on person . The job specification helps the candidates to analyse themselves whether they are eligible for apply for particular job opening or not. it helps the recruiting team to understand what are the qualification and qualities should present in person to make them eligible for the job vacancy. it gives the in-detail information about job responsibilities, physical and technical skills , communication abilities and more. At last it helps to select the appropriate candidate for the particular job vacancy.
8d: Job Analysis : Data collection methods:
Questionnaires: Here the job analyst gives the list of structured questionnaires to identify the roles and responsibilities , issues regarding job, work environment etc. The advantage of this method is information about the large number of jobs collected in short time period and it also save time.
check lists: This method is similar to questionnaire, But response sheet contains few subjective judgement ie. yes or no. The employees are asked to give the answer yes or no related to their job.
The Interview: Here job analyst interviews the employees to know about their working style, knowledge , skills and techniques use, issues faced & insecurities about their career. This method is time consuming and expensive. This method is used where the direct observation is not feasible. By directly talking with the employees, job analyst will extract meaningful information about the job.
Observation: Here job analyst observes and records the tasks, roles and responsibilities of employee while at work. This method is useful for the jobs that consists primarily observable physical ability or job that needs less time. This is not suitable method when comes to the jobs which involves un-observable mental activities & job does not have complete job cycle.