Question

Define and describe the features of mood disorders such as: Major Depressive Disorder, Persistent Depressive Disorder, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, Cyclothymic, Bipolar I and Bipolar II and out of these disorders which do you believe to be the most severe?  Explain your answer. please cite where you get your info from
 

Answer 1

Mental Disorder is the mental illness that affects the person's emotions, way of thinking, mood, behavior, and feelings it can last for a shorter period or it can affect the person for a longer period (chronic).

Thet mental disorders can be due to 1. One's genes and family history,

2. life experiences that cause stress childhood abuses.

3. Alteration or chemical imbalance in the brain,

4. Having no friends and a solitary lifestyle,

5. Medication due to some serious illness,

6. Substance abuse, an alcoholic is the use of recreational drugs.

The major depressive disorder MDD is a clinical depression that affects many areas of life. Usually, the person who suffers from sadness due to the loss of a loved one or going through a life challenge like serious illness or divorce suffers from MDD.

It affects mentally and physically the person may suffer from lack of appetite and sleep. He loses interest in activities that he once enjoyed. He feels as if life is not worth living. These are normally short-lived but if a person experiences persistent and intense feelings of sadness remain for a longer, then this is the cause of concern and can be diagnosed as a major depressive disorder.

This is a treatable disorder, and most of the people get treated with medication, psychotherapy, and other methods and make them help in managing the disorder that affects that had affected many areas of his life.

A persistent depressive disorder is also known as dysthymia. it is due to long term chronic depression, because of that the person lose interest in normal daily activities have low self-esteem, feel hopeless, lack of productivity, it gives a feeling of inadequacy that significantly interferes with the daily activities relationship, school, and work. This feelings significantly remains for a longer period.

Due to continuous depression, the person develops a gloomy personality and is incapable of having fun.
The persistent depressive disorder is not as severe as a major depressive disorder. It can be mild, moderate, orsom]etime it can be severe.

The treatment for this disorder is a combination of talk therapy and medication these are found very effective in treating these disorders.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a premenstrual syndrome.

It is not a mental disorder but a health problem and it can be e treated by medication change in lifestyle. The person who is having PMDD suffers from physical and psychological discomfort because it hinders in their daily activities and thus it affects an individual's mental wellbeing. This is commonly experienced during the second half of the menstrual cycle. An individual can suffer from PMDD until menopause.

The symptoms are usually experienced before menses can start and get resolved a few days after the menstrual onset. The persistent discomfort months after months does make one dull, sick and exhausted. The woman can feel fatigued, nervous, depressed, ill health, a disturbed relationship. Mood change. heart palpitations, emotion sensitive, abdominal bloating, backache, headache, gastrointestinal upset, muscle spasms, painful menses, sleeplessness, hot flashes, etc.

Few may have all these symptoms or few do not have all these symptoms at a time.

The cause may be due to abnormal secretion of the hormones that affect the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain during the menus.

It is more prominently found with those women who had a family history of PMDD.

As per DSM-V, an individual can be diagnosed as suffering from PMDD if the symptoms are continuously present two consecutive menstrual cycles.

The treatment includes medication like antidepressants fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram (Celexa)
as well it requires regular exercise, stress management, etc. As these are long term disorders that are connected with a biological disorder that affects a ladies mentally and disturbed throughout the period of menses till menopause.

Cyclothymic disorder a rare mood disorder emotional ups and downs sometimes one may feel on top of the world that can be followed by low feelings, in between these ups and downs one maybe fine and stable. it is not as serious as Bipolar disorders.

Its symptoms are similar to bipolar 1 or bipolar 2 but these are of less severity it affects the mode shift that disrupts internal feeling and the person may not be knowing how the mood swing will happen.

It does not get better on its own it is necessary to see a doctor as soon as possible because the person who suffers from mood swings may have suicidal thoughts.

There are a number of factors that are responsible for this disorder like it can be hereditary exchange in brain neurobiology, or it can be due to a traumatic experience.

Cyclothymia stars during the teenagers or young adulthood and the same number of males and females are affected by It, If it is not treated in time it can lead to hypomania, mania or major depression.

Bipolar disorder causes extreme mood swings to the extent of mania or hypomania or low as depression. The person suffering from bipolar disorders feel episodes of mood swing that can happen a number of times in a year. The mood swing can affect behavior change, activities are affected, it can lead to lack of sleep and inability to think clearly,

In bipolar I the person suffer from one manic episode preceded by hypomanic or major depressive episodes.

In Biopolar II one major depressive episode with one hypomanic episode follows , but no manic episodes.

Bipolar I is the most severe as it leads to maniac condition and may not get treated if not diagnosed in time.

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bipolar-disorder/symptoms-causes/sy

c-20355955

https://medlineplus.gov/mentaldisorders.html