Question

This is a C++ Program!!!
Define a class called Rational that would represent rational numbers.
Write a constructor that would accept two integers and initialize the numerator
and denominator of the object to their values. Also include a default
constructor that would initialize the numerator to 0 and denominator to 1.
Implement the member functions add, sub, mul, div, less, and equal to carry out
the operations +, -, *, /, <, and == (i.e., a + b would be a.add(b)).
Provide member functions input and output that would allow the user to input
a rational number from standard input and output the rational number to standard
output.
Write a test program that would let the user input two rational numbers and
then print their sum, difference, product, quotient, and whether the first
rational number is less than, equal to, or greater than the second.
Note: let any sign be carried by the numerator; keep the denominator
positive.

I want the same output as show:

Enter:2/3·5/7 this is what the you enter.
two rational numbers:2/3 + 5/7·= 29/21
2/3 - 5/7 = -1/21
2/3 * 5/7 = 10/21
2/3 / 5/7 = 14/15
2/3 is less than 5/7

Answer 1

Code

Rational.h

#ifndef RATIONAL_H
#define RATIONAL_H

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Rational {
friend Rational operator+(const Rational& left, const Rational& right);
friend Rational operator-(const Rational& left, const Rational& right);
friend Rational operator*(const Rational& left, const Rational& right);
friend Rational operator/(const Rational& left, const Rational& right);
  
friend bool operator<(const Rational& left, const Rational& right);
  
  
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Rational& obj);
friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Rational& obj);
  
public:
Rational();
Rational(double x);
Rational(int numerator_, int denominator_ = 1);
  
  
void setNumerator(int numerator_);
int getNumerator() const;
void setDenominator(int denominator_);
int getDenominator() const;

private:
int numerator;
int denominator;
void simplify();
};
#endif

Rational.cpp

#include"Rational.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <vector>
#include <limits.h>
using namespace std;

int absInt(int x) {
if (x >= 0) {
return x;
}
else {
return -x;
}
}

void getFactors (int num, vector<int>& factorSet) {
if (num != 1) {
factorSet.push_back(num);
}
for (int i = 2; i <= sqrt( static_cast<double>(num) ); i++) {
if (num%i == 0) {
factorSet.push_back(i);
factorSet.push_back(num/i);
}
}
}
void simplifyFun(int& a, int& b) {
int tempN = a;
int tempD = b;
int small, temp;
vector<int> factorSet;
if (tempN == tempD) {
a = 1;
b = 1;
return ;
}
else if (tempN == -tempD) {
a = -1;
b = 1;
return ;
}
else if (tempN == 0) {
b = 1;
return ;
}

if (absInt(tempN) < absInt(tempD)) {
small = absInt(tempN);
}
else {
small = absInt(tempD);
}

getFactors(small, factorSet);
for (int i = 0; i < factorSet.size(); i++) {
temp = factorSet[i];
while (tempN%temp == 0 && tempD%temp == 0) {
tempN /= temp;
tempD /= temp;
}
}
a = tempN;
b = tempD;
}

//friend functions definitions
Rational operator+(const Rational& left, const Rational& right) {
Rational temp;
int tempLD = left.getDenominator();
int tempRD = right.getDenominator();
simplifyFun(tempLD, tempRD);
temp.setDenominator(left.getDenominator()*tempRD);
temp.setNumerator(left.getNumerator()*tempRD+right.getNumerator()*tempLD);
temp.simplify();
return temp;
}

Rational operator-(const Rational& left, const Rational& right) {
return left+((-1)*right);
}

Rational operator*(const Rational& left, const Rational& right) {
Rational temp;
Rational temp_2(right.getNumerator(),left.getDenominator());
Rational temp_3(left.getNumerator(),right.getDenominator());
int a = temp_2.getDenominator();
int b = temp_2.getNumerator();
int c = temp_3.getDenominator();
int d = temp_3.getNumerator();
temp.setNumerator(b*d);
temp.setDenominator(a*c);
return temp;
}

Rational operator/(const Rational& left, const Rational& right) {
Rational temp_1(left.getNumerator(),left.getDenominator());
Rational temp_2(right.getDenominator(),right.getNumerator());
return temp_1*temp_2;
}

istream& operator>>(istream& in, Rational& obj) {
string inputstr;
int num = 0;
int sign = 1;
bool slashExist = false;
bool dotExist = false;
bool validInput = true;
int virtualDenominator = 1;
cin >> inputstr;
for (int i = 0; i < inputstr.size(); i++) {
char temp = inputstr[i];
if (temp == '.') {
if (dotExist == false && slashExist == false && i != 0) {
dotExist = true;
}
else {
validInput = false;
break;
}
}
else if (temp == '/') {
if (dotExist == false && slashExist == false && i != 0) {
slashExist = true;
obj.setNumerator(sign*num);
num = 0;
sign = 1;
}
else {
validInput = false;
break;
}
}
else if (temp == '-') {
if (i == 0){
sign = -sign;
}
else if (inputstr[i-1] == '/') {
sign = -sign;
}
else {
validInput = false;
break;
}
}
else if (temp <= '9' && temp >= '0') {
if (dotExist) {
if (virtualDenominator > INT_MAX/10) {
cout << "this frational is too long to handle.";
validInput = false;
break;
}
else {
virtualDenominator *= 10;
}
}
if (num > INT_MAX/10) {
cout << "this number is too long to handle.";
validInput = false;
break;
}
num *= 10;
num += inputstr[i]-'0';
}
else {
validInput = false;
break;
}
}
  
if (validInput == false) {
obj.setNumerator(0);
obj.setDenominator(1);
cout << "Input is not valid! The whole set to 0" << endl;
}
else {
if (slashExist == true) {
obj.setDenominator(sign*num);
}
else if (dotExist) {
obj.setNumerator(sign*num);
obj.setDenominator(virtualDenominator);
}
else {
obj.setNumerator(sign*num);
obj.setDenominator(1);
}
}
obj.simplify();
return in;
}

//member function definition
Rational::Rational() {
setNumerator(0);
setDenominator(1);
}

Rational::Rational(double x) {
int i = 1;
while (x*i-static_cast<int>(x*i) != 0) {
if (i > INT_MAX/10) {
cout << "this frational number : " << x << " can not be transfer to rational number, it's too long, now set it 0." << endl;
setNumerator(0);
setDenominator(1);
return ;
}
else {
i *= 10;
}
}
setNumerator(x*i);
setDenominator(i);
simplify();
}

Rational::Rational(int numerator_, int denominator_) {
setNumerator(numerator_);
setDenominator(denominator_);
simplify();
}
void Rational::setNumerator(int numerator_) {
numerator = numerator_;
}

int Rational::getNumerator() const {
return numerator;
}

void Rational::setDenominator(int denominator_) {
if (denominator_ == 0) {
denominator = 1;
numerator = 0;
cout << "Denominator is 0! Not good! THe whole is set to 0." << endl;
}
else {
denominator = denominator_;
}
}

int Rational::getDenominator() const {
return denominator;
}
void Rational::simplify() {
int tempN = numerator;
int tempD = denominator;
simplifyFun(tempN,tempD);
setNumerator(tempN);
setDenominator(tempD);
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Rational& obj) {
out << obj.numerator;
if (obj.numerator != 0 && obj.denominator != 1) {
out << "/" << obj.denominator;
}
return out;
}
bool operator<(const Rational& left, const Rational& right) {
int lside = left.getNumerator()*right.getDenominator();
int rside = left.getDenominator()*right.getNumerator();
return (lside < rside);
}

test.cpp

#include"Rational.h"

using namespace std;
int main()
{
   Rational r1,r2,r3;
   cout<<"Enter the first rational number: ";
   cin>>r1;
   cout<<"Enter the second rational number: ";
   cin>>r2;
   cout<<"\n\nTwo Rationla number are: "<<endl;
   cout<<r1<<endl;
   cout<<r2<<endl<<endl;

   cout<<r1<<" + "<<r2<<" = "<<(r1+r2)<<endl;
   cout<<r1<<" - "<<r2<<" = "<<(r1-r2)<<endl;
   cout<<r1<<" * "<<r2<<" = "<<(r1*r2)<<endl;
   cout<<r1<<" / "<<r2<<" = "<<(r1/r2)<<endl;

   if(r1<r2)
       cout<<r1<<" is less than "<<r2<<endl;
   else
       cout<<r1<<" is greater than "<<r2<<endl;
   return 0;
}

output

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