Question

Passages:
1.If Taliban fighters really shot down two American jets, then American technology is not as good as we thought it was. Therefore, the Taliban couldn't really have shot down the American jets, given that American technology is as good as we thought it was.
2.It is obvious that Proactiv Solution acne treatment system is the best product on the market for achieving clear, blemish-free skin. After all, Kelly Clarkson, famous singer-songwriter and winner of the 2002 American Idol, says so
A complete analysis should contain answers to the following:
1.Is the passage an argument or an explanation?
2.What is the main issue?
3.What are the premises and conclusion?
4.Is the argument inductive or deductive?
5.Provide a diagram of the argument (from Chapter 3)
6.Is the argument valid or invalid? (Hint: 1 of the arguments is valid and one is invalid)
7.If the argument is valid, discuss how it is valid (provide a proof)
8.If the argument is invalid, identify which rule is violated or what fallacy is committed by the passage.
I don't know how to do a venna diagram for this argument. I need help.

Answer 1

For the first passage the answer are like:

1. The passage is an argument.
2. The issue in this passage was whether the American jets were shot down by Taliban.
3. The first premise is if Taliban has shot down the jets then American technology is not good as we thought. The second premise is American technology is as good as we thought it would be.
4. The argument is deductive.

6 the argument is valid.

7 the argument is valid as for each premise the conclusion is true.

For the second passage

1. This is an explanation
2. The issue is whether proactive solution provide clear skin.
3. The premise is proactive provide better skin products and the conclusion is drawn as Kelly Clarkson say so.
4. The argument is inductive

6 the argument is invalid as the conclusion is drawn on a singer word, who doesn’t specialize in dermatology.

8 the argument follows Appeal to authority fallacy where someone accepts truth on blind faith just because they admire that person.