In the middle of a severe winter when the market price of winter coats is lower than the market clearing price, market is experiencing
1a surplus.
2production excess.
3 shortage.
4free rider.
Answer
Option 3
Shortage
The price is below the market clearing price and that increases quantity demanded but the quantity supplied is less than quantity demanded at this price, so there is a shortage.
shortage =Qd-Qs
it is true when Qd>Qs
Pe>P
then the Qd>Qs
because consumer afford more to purchase and sellers do not afford to sell that much.
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