Question

Formulate a thread of at least 300 words that answers the following question:

Using the three models of Crisis Assessment and Intervention, and then an "Empowering Model of Crisis Intervention," which is an integration of the first three. Choose one of these models to apply to a current event, identifying how it could help a victim of crisis in the immediate aftermath.

Answer 1

Models of Crisis Assessment and Intervention There are three primary methods of assessing clients in crisis: standardized inventories, general personality tests interpreted in the light of the crisis, and client interviews. The interview is the most commonly used method. The models of crisis assessment and intervention outlined below, therefore, use the interview as a primary assessment tool.

Gilliland Six step Model which includes three listening and three action steps, is a useful crisis intervention model. Attending, observing, understanding, and responding with empathy, genuineness, respect, acceptance, nonjudgment, and caring are important elements of listening. Action steps are carried out in a nondirective and collaborative manner, which attends to the assessed needs of clients as well as the environmental supports available to them

1. Listening a defining the problem and ensuring client safety providing support

2. Action examining alternatives making plans obtaining commitment..

3.The Triage Assessment System was developed by Myer (2001), according to him it is necessary to assess crisis reactions in three domains: affective (emotional), cognitive (thinking), and behavioral (actions).

Affective reaction includes anger, sorrow , fear, sadness.

Cognitive reaction includes threat and loss.

Behavioral reaction includes approach and avoidance

Seven-Stage Model of Crisis Intervention

1. Plan and conduct a thorough biopsychosocial and crisis assessment. this inculdes suicide and homidical risk need for medical attention . And also family factors and support.

2. Make psychological contact and establish rapport.

3. Examine and define the dimensions of the problem or crisis

4. Encourage an exploration of feelings and emotions

5. Explore past positive coping strategies and alternatives.

6.Implement the action plan

7. Establish a follow-up plan .

An Empowering Model of Crisis Intervention

The empowering model of crisis intervention model consist of three steps :-

Pre-Intervention :-

Before responding to a community or individual we need to find as much as possible about the crisis. Individual in crisis have difficulty in remembering details and asking questions for which they may not have answers may be perceived as disempowering It is usually feasible to get background information from the person who initiates the crisis intervention. To prevent oneself from becoming overwhelmed by the crisis, ask supportive people such as supervisors, family, and colleagues about the crisis in order to introduce stress-reduction procedures immediately. This helps in It is usually feasible to get background information from the person who initiates the crisis intervention. To prevent oneself from becoming overwhelmed by the crisis, ask supportive people such as supervisors, family, and colleagues about the crisis in order to introduce stress-reduction procedures immediately.

Assessment:

Identify victims current concern and trigger to the current crisis.Make the evaluation quick, accurate, and comprehensive. Past information about the similar crisis which is been gathered would be additional benefit which can be useful for problem solving and also to check what is been required for the crisis solving and what is not been required.An ecological chart may be helpful in identifying sources of help and support.the chart should be with the affected individual or community in the middle with the important persons by the client or by his community. By this the group or community we can get support for the client..

Disposition

Allow the client to talk as little or as much as possible about the event. The telling and retelling of a trauma can assist in the healing process. Psycho-educational information on what actions can be taken to maintain safety and stabilization are valuable in empowering clients. Information helps them know what to expect so they will not be later taken by surprise. Decisions on how to handle the crisis are made by exploring options with clients, an action that supports client empowerment. Additionally, decisions that include active client participation promote client compliance. Thinking creatively with clients can resolve most problems. Since crisis intervention requires short-term involvement, it is important to refer a client to other source of help as soon as stability is established. Responder should be aware that all client does not need mental support to overcome crisis.

Referral and Resource List : Keeping a referral and resource list is an important aspect of crisis work. The effective crisis responder researches and maintains information regarding agencies and programs in a client’s community that can be sources of future help.