Question

What do all resonance donors to a benzene ring have in common?

a. At least one electron capable of delocalization into the benzene ring

b. At least one electron pair capable of delocalization into the benzene ring

c. At least one electron capable of localization at the edge of the benzene ring

d. At least one electron pair capable of localization at the edge of the benzene ring

How do electron withdrawing groups direct substituents on the benzene ring?

a. Ortho

b. Para

c. Meta

d. Ortho and para

What does the acronymn TNT stand for?

a. Tetranitrotoluene

b. Trinitrotoluene

c. Trinitrated tetraacetic acid

d. Trinitroglycerine

What is a protecting group?

a. A small organic group that can be added to a substituted benzene ring at a functional group, then removed to restore the original functionality

b. A small organic group that can be added to a substituted benzene ring

c. A deactivating organic group that is added to a ring substituent

d. A deactivating organic group that is added to a ring substituent on a benzene ring, then removed to restore original functionality

What are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)?

a. Molecules containing two or more adjacent sixmembered benzenoid rings

b. Molecules containing a fused six-membered benzenoid ring

c. Molecules containing two or more linked sixmembered benzenoid rings

d. Molecules containing two or more fused sixmembered benzenoid rings

What is a carbaldehyde?

a. An aldehyde attached to a carbon atom

b. An aldehyde containing a carbon atom

c. An aldehyde attached to a ring structure

d. An aldehyde attached to a benzene ring

Where does the electron density lie in a carbonyl group?

a. At the pi bond

b. At the oxygen end

c. Adjacent to the carbon, but not at the oxygen

d. At the carbon end

What chemical shift does the formyl hydrogen of an aldehyde appear at in the proton NMR?

a. 2.00 – 3.00 ppm

b. 3.50 – 4.50 ppm

c. 9.00 – 10.00 ppm

d. 11.00 – 12.00 ppm

What is the result of the oxidation of a primary alcohol?

a. An aldehyde

b. A carbaldehyde

c. A ketone

d. An alkene

In an ionic addition to a carbonyl group, to what does the anionic portion of the attacking group connect?

a. The O of the carbonyl

b. The position alpha to the carbonyl

c. The C of the carbonyl

d. The anionic portion does not attack.

What is a hemiacetal?

a. The product of the addition of two alcohols

b. The product of an aldehyde and a ketone addition

c. A molecule in which one carbon has two -OR groups bonded to it

d. A molecule in which one carbon has an -OR bonded to it as well as an -OH group

The addition of ammonia or an amine to a carbonyl is classified as what type of reaction?

a. A nucleophilic addition

b. An electrophilic addition

c. A keto displacement

d. An alcohol displacement

What is the product of adding hydrogen cyanide to a ketone?

a. A nitrile

b. An alcohol

c. A cyanohydrin

d. An aldehyde

Which best describes a Wittig reaction?

a. An alkane formed from an aldehyde and a ketone

b. An alkene formed from an aldehyde or ketone, and a ylide

c. An alkene formed from an aldehyde and a ketone

d. An alkane formed from an aldehyde and a phosphine

What does a Baeyer-Villiger reaction produce?

a. An ester from an aldehyde

b. An ester from a ketone

c. An aldehyde from an ester

d. A ketone from an ester

What does Fehling’s Test indicate?

a. The presence of an ester

b. The presence of a phosphonium salt

c. The presence of a ketone

d. The presence of an aldehyde

What do the IUPAC nomenclatures of all carboxylic acids have in common?

a. The “ -yne ” ending

b. The “-oic acid” ending when the chain is linear

c. The “-oic acid” ending when the chain is branched

d. The “-oic acid” ending

How do most carboxylic acids exist?

a. As solids

b. In a protonated state

c. As hydrogen-bonded dimers

d. In a deprotonated state

Where in the 1H NMR does the carboxylic acid hydrogen appear?

a. 14 - 16 ppm

b. 11 - 13 ppm

c. 6 - 8 ppm

d. 2 - 4 ppm

Why do electron withdrawing groups such as halogens increase acidity of carboxylic acids?

a. They cause carboxylate stabilization through resonance.

b. The dissociation effect

c. The resonance stabilization effect

d. The inductive effect

How can carboxylic acids be produced?

a. Through aldehyde and primary alcohol reductions

b. Through aldehyde and alcohol oxidations

c. Through aldehyde and primary alcohol oxidations

d. Through aldehyde and alcohol reductions

What is the term for the elimination of a leaving group from a carboxylic acid after nucleophilic attack on the acid carbon?

a. Protonation-elimination

b. Nucleophilic catalytic addition

c. Michael addition

d. Addition-elimination

In what form is chloride delivered in the synthesis of an acyl chloride?

a. Some alkali chloride

b. Thionyl chloride

c. Elemental chlorine

d. N-chlorosuccinimide

What two reagents are often combined to form acid anhydrides?

a. Aldehydes and acyl chlorides

b. Carboxylic acids and alcohols

c. Carboxylic acids and acyl chlorides

d. Alcohols and acyl chlorides

How are esters formed?

a. From a ketone and a carboxylic acid

b. From an alcohol and a carboxylic acid

c. From an aldehyde and an acid anhydride

d. From a ketone and an acid anhydride

What two species react to form an amide?

a. An aldehyde and an amine

b. An alcohol and an amine

c. A carboxylic acid and an imine

d. A carboxylic acid and an amine

Which reagent can be used to reduce a carboxylic acid?

a. Lithium aluminum hydride

b. Sodium borohydride

c. Potassium hydride

d. Phosphorus tribromide

Answer 1