Question

C++

CODING CHALLENGE
Define the classes that implement the following hierarchy with Manager and Scientist each inheriting from both Employee and Student.
Employee Student
△ △
| |
| |
+--------- Manager ----------+
| |
| |
+---------Scientist ---------+

C++

Define the classes that implement the following class hierarchy. Use the keyword virtual to insure your classes do not suffer from the diamond problem.
+---------▷ BaseClass ◁ ---------+
| |
| |
DerivedClass1 DerivedClass2
△ △
| |
| |
+----- DerivedFurtherClass1 ------+
| |
| |
+----- DerivedFurtherClass2 ------+

Answer 1

The feature by which a class derive properties and characteristics from another class is called Inheritance.
Sub Class: The class that inherits properties from another class is called Sub class.
Super Class:The class whose properties are inherited by sub class is called SuperClass.

PROBLEM 1

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// first base class
class Employee

{
public:
Employee()
{
cout << "Employees are paid" << endl;
}
};
// second base class
class Student{
public:
Student()
{
cout << "Goes to school" << endl;
}
};
// sub class derived from two base classes
class Manager: public Employee, public Student

{
};

class Scientist: public Employee, public Student

{

};
// main function
int main()
{
// creating object of sub class will
// invoke the constructor of base classes
Manager obj1;

Scientist obj2;

  
return 0;
}

PROBLEM 2

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class BaseClass // the superclass for all the sub classes below

{
public:
void display()
{
cout << "This is the BaseClass \n";
}
};
class DerivedClass1 : public virtual BaseClass //First derived class //virtual keyword used so only copy of data is stored in respective //class

{
};
class DerivedClass2 : public virtual BaseClass //2nd Derived class

{
};
class FurtherDerived : public DerivedClass1, public DerivedClass2

//new subclass derived from both 1st and 2nd derived classes

{
};
int main()
{
FurtherDerived Obj;
Obj.display();

}

Virtual base classes are used in inheritance for preventing multiple "instances" of a given class appearing in an inheritance when using multiple inheritances.

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