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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC& TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 2, ISSUE 9 SEPTEMBER 2013 ISSN 2277-8616 Dyes Removal From Textile Wastewater Using 1 PREFACE 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS the largest Bangladesh, the textile industry manufacturing industries. in every stage of textile industry 2.1 Sample and Adsorbents Collection various types of dyes are used to color their products. The dye The sample wastewater was collected from Sharp Knitting& containing wastewater is usually released directly into the Dyeing Limited situated in Pagar, Tongi. The sample contains nearby drains, rivers, stagnant, ponds or lagoons. Such three diflerent reactive dyes: Golden yellow, Black B and Red wastewater disposal may cause damage to the quality of the 68L The adsorbents used for this study is orange peel receiving water bodies, the aquatic eco-system and the Orange peels were collected from local fruit stall biodiversity of environment. The dyeing industry emluents contain high BOD and COD value, suspended solids, toxic 2.2 Preparation of Adsorbents compounds and the color that is perceived by human eyes at Orange is used mainly in orange-juice and soft drinks very low concentration. Moreover, dyes may adversely afflect industries all over the world. They discard a huge amount of the aquatic lfe because of the presence of aromatic materials, orange peels. These discarded peels can be used as an metals and chiorides etc. The color removal was extensively adsorbent for the removal of dyes from the wastewater. Waste studied using different methods such as coagulation, orange peel was obtained from a fruit stall At first, the peels flocculation, ultra-filtration, nano- ration, photo ondation, weredeaned withdistled-to remove dust partides and activated carbon etc. But these methods are very expensive. water-soluble impurities. After that, these were cut into small The removal of dyes from wastewater using adsorption pieces, dried in sunlight for 2 days until the peels become process by agricultural waste provides an alternative crisp. Then using mortar until uniform size particle was treatment. At present physical, chemical and biological obtained groundedthepeels Fnalythegrounded peels were methods are generally used as a treatment process for packed in airtight container and labeled removing dyes from textile wastewater. But all these methods are not cost-effective and environment friendly. As a resut, an 2.3 Preparation of Standard Solution alternative environment friendly technology has become a Deazol Black B EAN reactive dye is very common in textile necessity for the composite knit industry. Over the last lew industries. Stock solution was prepared by dissolving years adsorption has gained paramount importance in industry accurately 0.1g-weighed quantity of the dye in 1L-distilled and environment protection. Adsorbents are normally used for water. Later, desired amount of solutions were taken from the its environment friendly behavior, availability in nature and are mother solution and diluted using distilled water. pH was very much-cost effective. Orange peel is largely composed of adjusted by adding 0.1M NaOH solution and 1M acetic acid cellulose pectin; hemi-cellulose, lignin and other low molecular solution weight compounds including limestone. It can be used as an efficient and cost effective bio-adsorbent for removing dyes 2.4 Batch Adsorption Study metals and organic pollutants addition orange peel is alternative as a adsorbent for its study the effects of various important parameters such as abundance in nature, non-toxicity and bio-degradability. This amount of adsorbent, pH values, the contact time between study was performed to utilize the orange peel as a low cost adsorbate and adsorbent 25 ml of sample wastewater was natural adsorbent with respect to various parameters such as taken from 100ml airtight flask. A desired amount of adsorbent different doses, contact time and from industrial wastewater. In In this experiment, a batch adsorption technique was used. To its study the effects then added to the sample This experiment was carried out at- room temperature. The solutions were then subjected to magnetic stirrer for proper adsorption. Samples were Fahim Bin AbdurRahman, MaimunaAkter, M. Zainal withdrawn from the stirrer at different time intervals. Then the adsorbents were separated from the sample by using filter .(School of Environmental Science and Management, paper. The absorbance was measured for supernatant solution Independent University, Bangladesh, Dhaka-1229, using UV-Spectrophotometer. The final concentration of dye was estimated with the help of these absorbance data. For 47 Abedin INTERNATIONAL JORALOF SCIENTİFIC & determining the uptake of the dye, all-inclusive sets of 0, 120, 150 and 180 minutes) and pH (2-9) etc. . A range from 0.5g to 2.0g of adsorbent was also used to performth experiment. The amount of adsorption at equilibrium time, where, c, for the liquid-phase concentrations of dye at inal (mg/L); Ce, for the liquid-phase concentrations of dye at equilibrium (mgL) V represents the volume of the solution, ) W emass of dry adsorbent used, (g) Figure3: Efect off pH on the removal of dyes by adsorption onto orange peel Initial concentration gL amount of adsorbent 1.5 g and contact time:90 minutes 3 RESULTS AND Discussao Figure.1 illustrates that the adsorption capacity was increased Effects of contact Sime on adsorption were studied and resuts with the increment of adsorbent dosage. The waste removal eshown in fure 2. Fgure shows that, increase in removal percentage is rises from 2016 to 60% while the adsotert were increased from 0.5g to 1.5g for 25 ml soluban becomes available for the dye to make an atnibuted to the fact that more time At low amount of dosage higher uptake was obtained This result indicated that more surface area was made due to ncreased mass of adsorbent. Therefore, total number of stes ours apidy as soon as the dye and peels in contact but increases 121 In addition the figure shows that, above 1.5g of dosage the removal percentage is decreased. So, 159 of after that when some of e easy available active stes ngaged, aye needs time to find out more active sites for the perod of experiment is concluded that dye and peels should be in contact for 120 minutes in arder to get maximum Figure-1: Effect of orange peels dose on the removal of dyes by adsorption onto orange peel (initial concentration: SpL ph value: 7 and contact time: 90 minutes Figure-2: Effect of contact time on the removal of dyes by adsorption onto orange peel nitial concentration: Egtml Figure.3 shows that the pH of the solution significantly affects Amount of orange peet 1.5gand pH value: 7) the adsorption of dyes by orange peels. At average pH, the more effective dye adsorption capacity of orange peels was 34 Adsorption Isotherm observed. The optimum adsorption capacity was achieved at in general, experimental isotherm is useful for describing pH 7. At lower pH, functional oxidized groups of the peels are adsorption capacity to faclate evolution of the feasibility of th promoted and thus active site of orange peels for binding of process for given application for selection of most dye become less available. As a resuit, removal eficiency appropriate adsorbent and for pipreliminary determination of adsorbent dose requirements. The Langmuir lsotherm is most frequently used to represent the data of adsorption from solution. The isotherm studied was carried out for optimum condition, which ottaned. The Langmsir boterm assumes that the adsorption take places as homogeneoUS sites, all sites are equivalent and there are no interactions between adsorbate molecule and adjacent stes. The adsorption were analyzed according to te near form of TIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC&TECHNOLOGY RESEAROH VOLUME 2, ISSUE SEPTEMBER 2013 the Langmuir isotherm equation In order to establish the research worksi&can be concuded that, the experimental data maximum adsorption capacity, ee Lagnar ischem equation are wel desoted by Lagna none,cia Even top of the following inearized form was appled to the sorption the removal eiciency of orange peels is not much higher than equbrium at different adsorbents doses. The isotherm is other bio-adsorbents, is cheaply vaible With tis cheap described by following equation and environment tiendy adsorbent considerable dye removal can be achieved So it can be substihute other expensive bio- adsorbents.With the perimental data obtained in this sudy t is possible to design and optimze an economical treatment process for the dye removal from industrial euents 亡-q太古·右 Where C, represents the equilbrium dye concentration in solution (mgL), a is the adsorption capacities (amount of dye adsorbed per weight of adsorbent mgigq and Kare At first, I hereby express our utmost gratitude to the almight Langmuir constant that can be determined Langmuir inear equitation. A graph o llqevs /ce was indebted to my honorable supervisor Dr. M. Zainal Abedin, plotted. The consantqm and KL can be evaluated from the Professor, Department Langmuir isotherm plot 1/ge versus tCe. The slope of this pit encouraging guidance houghd Suppestion which were s equivalent to (1iqm K.) when t intercepts 1lqm Also, byessingredents to compiete comparing the corelation coefficient (R2 value) shown in constructive comments table.1, the Lanothem the experiment data this work t was his that made me able to bring this work to model obtained a better ft of a successful completion I also wish to thank all the faculty members for their help during the project N Lutpiet al, 'Removal of methylene blue using pineapple peel powder as adsorbent 3 CUTSE International 2. N. Yeddou, A. Bensmail. Kinetic models for the soplon Desalination(2005) 185, 499-508. 3 Aadil Abbas et al Removal of Congo Red from Aqueous Solutions wth Raphanus sativus peels and activated Figure-4: Langmuir isotherm for Deazol Black B EAN reactive dye onto orange peel (initial concentration: 20-60 mg Sme 769 180 minutes, pH:6.57; room temperature). P. Janos, H. Buchtova, M Ryznarova. Sorpdon of dyesfrom aqueous solutions onto fy ash, Water Res Table-1: Parameters obtained from correlation of Langmuir adsorption isotherm for Deazol Black B EAN reactive dye reactive dye from an aqueous solution by chitosan Adsorbent Hazardous Materials,(2008)152, 337-346 Banana peel reactive 1.744 00258Azaaed Atmed B Ne Amany BSa, and Ob Abal effuent using acivated carbon fom anange peet Adopion aothorm and knc studes Journal of Hazardous Materials From this study, it may be concluded that the removal of165 (2009) 100-110 various dyes from textile wastewater by adsorption on orange peels has been found to be useful for controlling water 7. C H Weng Y. T. Un T. W. Tzeng Removal pollution due to dyes. From this experiment it is clear that, the omethylene biue from aqueous solution by adsorption adsorption of dyes onto orange peels is influenced by pH nto pineapple lea powder.J Hazard. Mater (2009) 170 values, amount of adsorbents and contact time. Also, the417-424 adsorption of dyes onto orange peels follows the Langmur isotherm model. In the review the efficiency of orange peels as &Qingye Sun, Linchang Yang. The adsorption of basic dyes an adsorbent has been studied. For higher removal of dyesfrom queous solution on moditied peat-resin particle from textile effluents adsorbent dose of 1.5g was favorable Water Research, 37, 1535-1544 (2003). The uptake of the dye increased with increasing contact time the optimum contact time was obtained at the adsorption was found to be higher for pH 7. From this fromar by adsorption onto aclvated carbon preparned

Answer 1

Ans 1. Bangladesh is largest textile producing industries, utilising different types of dye, hose wastewater is being drained directly into rivers, ponds, etc contain BOD and COD. Such activities adversely affect the water bodies and specially aquatic lives. In order to remove coloration from water, there are quite costly methods such as coagulation, flocculation, ultra filtration, nano filtration. However, for removing such harmful dyes, apart from chemical, biological harmful and costly methods, from past decades treatment by highly efficient adsorption process is an alternative. Adsorbent are eco-friendly and cost effective, such as orange peels having cellulose pectin, hemi cellulose, lignin and other cellulose. More studies are being done to prove the importance of orange as natural adsorbent,with great future expectations.