Question

A psychologist was interested in the effects of different fear information on children’s beliefs about an animal. Three groups of children were shown a picture of an animal that they had never seen before (a quoll). Then one group was told a negative story (in which the quoll is described as a vicious, disease-ridden bundle of nastiness that eats children’s brains), one group a positive story (in which the quoll is described as a harmless, docile creature who likes nothing more than to be stroked), and a final group weren’t told a story at all. After the story children rated how scared they would be if they met a quoll, on a scale ranging from 1 (not at all scared) to 5 (very scared indeed). To account for the natural anxiousness of each child, a questionnaire measure of trait anxiety was given to the children and used in the analysis. Which of the following statements bestreflects what the effect of ‘Type of Information’ in the table tells us?

	Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
	Dependent Variable:   Fear of Animal
Source		Type III Sum of Squares	df	Mean Square	F	Sig.
Corrected Model		21.557a	3	7.186	8.141	.000
Intercept		96.249	1	96.294	109.050	.000
Natural Fear level		4.924	1	4.924	5.579	.022
Type of Information		13.567	2	6.783	7.685	.001
Error		49.426	56	.883
Total		605.000	60
Corrected Total		70.983	59

R Squared = .304 (Adjusted R Squared - .266)

		The type of information given to the children had a significant effect on their fear beliefs, even after their natural level of fear had been accounted for.
		The type of information given to the children did not have a significant effect on their fear beliefs, even after their natural level of fear had been accounted for.
		The type of information given to the children had a significant effect on their fear beliefs due to their natural level of fear.
		The type of information given to the children did not have a significant effect on their fear beliefs due to their natural level of fear.

Answer 1

From the above information,

The effect on type of information,

P value is 0.001

P value is less than 0.05 . We reject the null hypothesis

There is significant effect.

Best reflects statement is ,

The type of information given to the children had a significant effect on their fear beliefs, even after their natural level of fear had been accounted for.