Question

Lab 1-Lab Portion Part I Copy the Blink program from Figure 1-13 (page 17) in the textbook and run it on your Arduino. After verifying that the Blink program works, modify the program to make the on-board LED attached to pin #13 blink out "SOS" in Morse code. Use a 2 750 millisecond for long pulses. 50 millisecond for short pulses and a Part 2, Write a program that uses two pushbuttons to increase or decrease the brightness of the LED on pin #11 a. Your circuit should include an "up" button and a "down button b. Pressing the up button should add 10% brightness to the LED c. Pressing the down button should subtracts 10% brightness from the LED Hint: use a variable to hold the current duty cycle (dc) value.In loop0.check the up button; if pressed, add 25 to the variable. Also check the down button; if pressed, subtract 25 from the variable. Observe what happens as you exceed max dc or min dc values possible and be ready to explain it to the TA How would you fix it if you had more time? Part 3 Write a program that implements a four-bit binary up counter, displaying the output on LEDs. The program should automatically increment every 1000 milliseconds. Once the counter reaches its maximum value, it should rollover back to zero. You will need the following components: 4x LEDs 4x 2202 resistors - - Jumper wires Breadboard The schematic for this circuit is included on the next page.

Answer 1

Ans part 1)

Morse SOS code of light means the LED must blink 3 times for short duration and 3 times for long duration and continue in this manner.

int LED = 13;
// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
// initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
int i;
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
digitalWrite(LED, HIGH);   
delay(250);   
digitalWrite(LED, LOW);   
delay(250);
}
  
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
digitalWrite(LED, HIGH);   
delay(750);   
digitalWrite(LED, LOW);   
delay(750);
}
}

Ans 2)

CODE:

int led = 11; // the PWM pin the LED is attached to
int brightness = 0; // how bright the LED is
int fadeAmount = 25;// how many points to fade the LED by

int pushButton1 = 2;
int pushButton2 = 4;
// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup() {
// declare pin 11 to be an output:
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
  
pinMode(pushButton1, INPUT);
pinMode(pushButton2, INPUT);
}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
  
int buttonState1 = digitalRead(pushButton1);
int buttonState2 = digitalRead(pushButton2);
  
if(buttonState1 == HIGH)
{
brightness = brightness + fadeAmount;
analogWrite(led, brightness);
}
  
if(buttonState2 == HIGH)
{
brightness = brightness - fadeAmount;
analogWrite(led, brightness);
}
Serial.print(brightness);

delay(100);
}

The maximum value for brightness is 255 and minimum value is 0

In order to overcome this problem some boundary condition must be set like if brightness = 255 then it will remain fixed at that value and won't increase further. Similarly it becomes constant when minimum value = 0 is reached.