Question

6· WHAT IS RAP-CAB AND WHEN DOES A FIRST ADER PERFORM THIS ACTION? WHAT IS CO 8. WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO MAKE A FIRST IMPRESSION OF A VICTIM? WHAT ARE THE 6 STEPS WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BREATHING SOUNDS YOU MIGHT HEAR IN A VICTIM LIST AND DESCRIBE INCLUDING POSSIBLE CAUSES 10. WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF THE LEFT SIDE POSITMION? LIST IN DETAIL 4 ADVANTAGES

Answer 1

6. RAB -CAB means responsive ,acrivate , breathing and compression, airway , breathing . These are the three key elements of cardiopulmonary resuscitation done to revive a patient whose heart has stopped beating .

A first aider perform this action when he sees a patient who is unconscious, not breathing ,and has no pulse .

7. COI is cardiac output index . It is a hemodynamic parameter that relates the cardiac output in a minute to body surface area . Hence ,it is relating heart performance to the size of the individual . It's unit of measurement is liter / minute / meter square .

8. First impression of a victim are :-

- unconscious ,not responding

- no breathing

- no pulse

The six steps of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are :-

1- check if the patient is conscious or unconscious = by gently tapping the shoulder and shouting "ARE YOU OK ".

2- check the pulse = checking the pulse at carotid artery for not more than 10 seconds .

3- open airway and check for breathing = open airway using head and tilt method and jaw thrust method for spinal injury patients and check breathing byl listening and feeling for breath and looking at the chest rise .

4- if the patient is not breathing then give 2 breaths using mouth to mouth respiration with tight seal and look for chest rise for 2 seconds and pause in-between to take breath .

5- No pulse ,No breathing = landmark for hand position . Keep the palms of the hands one over other interlocked between the breastbone at the lower one third portion of xiphisternum . Keep the elbows straight .

6- start chest compression and breathing at 30 :2 ration with 100 to 120 compression in a minute . Place shoulders and weight directly over the hands , keeping elbows straight . Push hard and fast and allow chest to recoil

9. Different types of breath sounds heard in a victim and their causes are :-

- Crackles are fine short interrupted sounds because of air passing through fluid or mucus in air passage

- Gurgles are continuous harsh louder low pitched sounds due to air passing through a narrow passage because of secretions, tumor , swelling

- Friction rub are superficial grating sounds due to rubbing of inflamed pleural surfaces.

- Wheeze are high pitched musical sounds due to air passing through constricted bronchus .