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Graves disease

Graves disease
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Answer #1

Graves disease:

Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder that results in the overproduction of thyroid hormones.

Causes:

The body's immune system is usually affected by foreign invaders. These foreign bodies usually bind with the thyrotrophin receptor antibodies and make thyroid gland to overproduction of thyroid hormones. This results in hyperthyroidism and affects the body metabolism.

Signs and symptoms:

  • Hyperthyroidism
  • swelling and inflammation of eyes.
  • Enlargement of the thyroid gland
  • Change of menstrual cycles.
  • Fatigue
  • sensitivity to heat
  • Heart palpitation

Diagnosis:

  • Physical examination helps to detect the protrude of the thyroid gland.
  • Lab values of TSH, T3, T4 to know the thyroid hormone levels.
  • Radioactive iodine uptake test to know maximum uptake of iodine by thyroid glands.
  • Ultrasound to detect the structure of the thyroid gland.

Treatment:

  • Radioactive iodine therapy to shrink thyroid cells.
  • Antithyroid medication to treat thyroid glands.
  • Beta-blockers to treat heart palpitations.
  • Thyroid surgery to prevent complications.
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