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r estat a 13% coupon a les current markerer wir bonds Cost of using both methods (YTM and the approximation formula) Currenty
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net proceeds from sale of bonds selling price-flotation cost 1070-25 1045
Before tax cost of debt using ytm = using rate function in ms excel rate(nper,pmt,pv,fv,type) nper = 20 pmt = 130 pv = 1045 fv =1000 type =0 RATE(20,130,-1045,1000,0) 12.38%
after tax cost of debt = before tax rate*(1-tax rate) 12.38*(1-.28) 8.91
YTM - using approximation formula interest +(face value-net proceeds)/ n   / (par value+net proceeds)/2 130+(1000-1045)/20 / (1000+1045)/2 103.5/1022.5 10.12%
after tax cost of debt = before tax rate*(1-tax rate) 10.12*(1-.28) 7.29
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