Ans:- severe acute respiratory sydrome is caused by severe acute respiratory coronaviru and it spreads through respiratory droplets when infected person coughs and sneezes and the virus can also spread when a person touches the surface or a object that is contaminated with this virus and then touch his mouth ,nose is eyes.
Middle East respiratory syndrome:- it is caused by middle East respiratory coronavirus and it is a zoonotic virus which means a virus that transmitted between animals and humans.
It is spread from person to person through respiratory secretions and care of a infected person. Raw or uncooked camel meat,and unpasteurized dairy products of camel.
Spread of measles:- through droplets,
- blood,
- urine.
Spread of rubella:- - through droplets,
- mother to fetus because it is one of torch viruses.
Spread of Zika virus:- through Aedes aegypti mosquito,
- sexual contact,
- blood transfusion.etc.
Pathogenesis of the HIV is shown in following image:- 
Pathogenesis of influenza virus A is shown in following
image:-
ASSIGUMENT How does Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus(SARS-Cov) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Co...
Find SARS-CoV-2 on the phylogeny above – this is the virus that
causes COVID-19. There have been two previous major coronavirus
outbreaks in 21st century – SARS in 2002-2003 (caused by the virus
SARS-CoV) and MERS in 2012-2013 (caused by the virus MERS-CoV).
(a)Based on the phylogeny above, how do we know that COVID-19 is
a new disease and not a resurgence of SARS or MERS? Be specific and
refer to the relationships shown on the phylogeny in your
answer....
5.To gain entry, spikes of the SARS-CoV-2 bind to
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) found in epithelial cells
especially of the respiratory and oral passageways. As such, these
cells are susceptible to infection by SARS-CoV-2. ACE2 is a protein
consisting of multiple alpha-helices that is embedded in, and
spans, the membrane. What is this type of protein called, and what
structure do the alpha helices represent?
6.Following binding of spike proteins to ACE2, SARS-CoV-2 likely
gains entry into the cell either...