Question

Acid & Base 1. Follow the acid & base experiment procedure and answer the following questions 2- Watch the atom viewer for sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid then write what you observe. 3. Is sodium hydroxide acid or base and why? 4- Is hydrochloric acid or base and why? 5. Write the dissociation reaction for sodium hydroxide and for hydrochloric acid.

Answer 1

Acid & Base

3) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a base.

Sodium hydroxide, releases OH^{​​​​​-}​​​​ ion, hence it is a base.

4) Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is an acid.

Hydrochloric acid releases H⁺ ion, hence it is an acid.

( Note: According to the Arrhenius acid- base, theory, acid is a compound that releases H⁺ ion, and base is a compound that releases OH^{​​​​​-}​ ion).

5) Dissociation reaction of sodium hydroxide and Hydrochloric acid.

i) Sodium hydroxide dissociate into sodium ion and hydroxide ion.

NaOH ---------> Na⁺ + OH^{​​​​​-.}

ii) Hydrochloric acid dissociate into Hydrogen ion and Chloride ion.

HCl ---------> H⁺ + Cl^{​​​​​-}​​​​.

Unknown solution: The solution, whose concentration is unknown is called unknown solution. ( Here solution is not mentioned, and hence cannot be answered whether it is acid or base).

8) Dissociation constant gives information about the extent of dissociation of acid or base.

The value of dissociation constant depends on the type of acid or base.

For weak acids and base, the dissociation constant is less than unity (1). ( Because weak acids or base do not dissociate completely)

For strong acid and base it is equal to unity (1). (Strong acid or base completely dissociate at all concentrations).

Both NaOH and HCl are strong base and strong acid respectively, hence there dissociation constant is equal to one.

( Rest of the questions can not be answered, as the necessary charts and information is not provided).