Question

Nicotine |H2O T u210 P 2 61 Tm P 1 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Mole fraction of nicotine, X Temperature, 0/°C

Answer 1

Answere The given diagerom is a temperature - composition diagram for the partly miscible liquids. Partly miscible liquids are such which does not mine completely at all proportions at any temperatu such a system is nicotine - water system. The phase separation diagram is as below: H₂O Tue 2107 Nicotine P=2 Temperature - oloc 6 Tee P=1 02 0 40 60 8 mole fraction of nicotine, an This liquid mise are has two phases within the boundary is initially we have nicotine. saturated with water and with increaseng . value of XN; we gee watce saturated with nicotine. Beeyond the boundary, only one phase . exists where water and nicotine gets completely miscible. Thers the miscibility depends on relative composition of water - nicotine as well as on the temperature. In this case two types of critical temperatures are there; the uppere, critical solution temperature: Tue, above this temperature the solution exists in a single phase for any relative composition. Also, there is a lower. critical solution temperatures Ties below this single phase exists. From the diagram & the maximum and minimum temperatures upto which two phase region exists is from 61C(= The) upto 210°c I C=Tue)

From the diagram; if we dreaw a vertical line intersecting the boundary at N=0.6 corresponding to Tue and The 5 this gowes the mole freaction of nicotine for each of the two temperatures. Howevere the composition may be found out by resing lever race."