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PROP2027: Preparation and Properties of a Soap - Bettelheim/Landsberg. 9e POST-LABORATORY QUESTIONS 1. Write the chemical equ


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Soaps are potassium or sodium salts of long chain carboxylic acid with the carbon chain varying between C12 to C18 Some common used fatty acids are stearic acid will be written as C17H35COONa. (Assumption - Sodium salt of stearic acid is prepared in lab)

Treating soap with MgCl2 will lead to the formation of its corresponding Magnesium salt. The formula is as follows.

2C17H35COONa + MgCl2\rightarrow [C17H35COO]2Mg + 2NaCl

Detergents are superior than soaps because

Detergents are sodium salt of long chain hydrocarbons like alkyl sulphates or alkyl benzene sulphonates and can dissolve in hard water containing Mg2+, Ca2+ ions. They are effective in hard, soft and normal water. However, soap has a tendency to precipitate in hard water containing the above ions.

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