Question

give the structure that corresponds to the following formula and 1H NMR spectrum C5H10: delta 1.5, s

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

The structure of ${{\rm{C}}_5}{{\rm{H}}_{10}}$ needs to be predicted based on the data of NMR given. Only a singlet peak is obtained at delta 1.5. It indicates that only a single spectrum is obtained.

Fundamentals

The NMR spectrum is used for identification of compounds based on the nature of hydrogens or carbons present in an organic compound. Two types of NMR spectrum are there - $^1{\rm{H}}$ and $^{13}{\rm{C}}$ . It identifies the chemical environment of the hydrogens and carbons based on the spectrum taken which helps in identifying a compound.

The frequency of a nuclei is measured with respect to a standard in a magnetic field known as chemical shift. The standard used in NMR is tetramethyl silane (TMS).

The protons or carbons give different peak based on the chemical environment they are present in and give a single peak if they are present in same chemical environment.

The spin-spin coupling is another feature of NMR spectrum that helps in identification of structure. Protons present in different chemical environments lead to the splitting of a NMR peak. The number of peaks obtained are given as n+1 where n is the number of equivalent protons.

Thus, the peaks obtained are singlet, doublet, triplets, quartets based on n = 0, 1, 2, 3 and so on respectively.

All the hydrogens are present in same chemical environment.

The structure of the given compound is as follows:

Ans:

The structure of the given compound is as follows: