Problem

In a sound interference experiment, two identical loudspeakers are placed 4.00 m apart, fa...

In a sound interference experiment, two identical loudspeakers are placed 4.00 m apart, facing in a direction perpendicular to the line that connects them. A micro­phone attached to a carrier sliding on a rail picks up the sound from the speakers at a distance of 400. m, as shown in the figure. The two speakers are driven in phase by the same signal generator at a frequency of 3400. Hz. Assume that the speed of sound in air is 340. m/s.

a)  At what point(s) on the rail should the microphone be located for the sound reaching it to have maximum intensity?


b)  At what point(s) should it be located for the sound reaching it to be zero?


c)  What is the separation between two points of maximum intensity?


d) What is the separation between two points of zero intensity?


e)  How would things change if the two loudspeakers produced sounds of the same frequency but different intensities?

Step-by-Step Solution

Solution 1

THINK:

We have to find the points of constructive and destructive interference along the rail from the two speakers which are in phase. The distance between the speakers is and the distance between the speakers and far wall is. The frequency of the sound is and speed of the sound is.

RESEARCH:

From the above sketch, the difference in the paths traveled by the two sound waves is

The condition for constructive interference is given by

, Where

The condition for the destructive interference at the far wall is,

, Where

For , it can be seen that

SIMPLIFY:

(a)

The distance of the points of the maximum intensity is given by

Therefore,

(b)

The distance of the points of the minimum intensity is given by

Therefore,

(c)

Separation between the two points of the maximum intensity is given by

(d)

Separation between the two points of the minimum intensity is given by

CALCULATE:

Wavelength of the sound,

(a)

The points of the maximum intensity on rail are given by

(b)

The points of the maximum intensity on rail are given by

(c)

Separation between two points of maximum intensity is given by

(d)

Separation between two points of minimum intensity is given by

(e)

When two speakers produce sound of different intensities then microphone cannot detect zero intensity. It detects the intensity equal to difference in the intensities from the speakers at the minimum point.

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