(Computer architecture: bit-level operations) A short value is stored in 16 bits.
Write a program that prompts the user to enter a short integer and displays the 16 bits for the integer. Here are sample runs


(Hint : You need to use the bitwise right shift operator (>>) and the bitwise AND operator (&), which are covered in Appendix E.)
Bitwise Operations
To write programs at the machine-level, often you need to deal with binary numbers directly and perform operations at the bit-level. C++ provides the bitwise operators and shift operators defined in the following table.
Operator | Name | Example | Description |
& | bitwise AND | 10101110&10010010 yields 10000010 | The AND of two corresponding bits yields a 1 if both bits are 1. |
| Bitwise inclusive OR | 10101110 |10010010 yields 10111110 | The OR of two corresponding bits yields a 1 if either bit is 1. |
A | Bitwise exclusive OR | 10101110A 10010010 yields 00111100 | The XOR of two corresponding bits yields a 1 only if two bits are different. |
~ | One's complement | ~10101110 yields 01010001 | The operator toggles each bit from 0 to 1 and from 1 to 0. |
| Left shift | 10101110 << 2 yields 10111000 | Shift bits in the first operand left by the number of the bits specified in the second operand, filling with 0s on the right. |
>> | Right shift for unsigned integer | 1010111010101110 >> 4 yields 0000101011101010 | Shift bit in the first operand right by the number of the bits specified in the second operand, filling with zeros on the left. |
>> | Right shift for signed integer |
| The behavior depends on the platform. Therefore, you should avoid right shift signed integers. |
All the bitwise operators can form bitwise assignment operators such as A=, |= <<=, and >>=.
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