Write a program that illustrates how to use the functions replace, replace_if, replace_cop...

Write a program that illustrates how to use the functions replace, replace_if, replace_copy, and replace_copy_if. Your program must use the function lessThanEqualTo50, as shown in Example.

EXAMPLE

Consider the following statements:

char cList[10] = {‘A’, ‘a’, ‘A’, ‘B’, ’A’,‘c’, ‘D’, ‘e’, ‘F’, ‘A’}; //Line 1vector charList(cList, cList + 10); //Line 2

After the statement in Line 2 executes, the vector container charList is as follows:

charList = {‘A’, ‘a’, ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘A’, ‘c’,‘D’, ‘e’, ‘F’, ‘A’} //Line 3

Now consider the following statement:

replace(charList.begin(), charList.end(), ‘A’, ‘Z’); //Line 4

This statement uses the function replaceto replace all the occurrences of ‘A’ with  ‘Z’ in charList. After this statement executes, charListis as follows:

charList ={‘Z’, ‘a’, ‘Z’, ‘B’, ‘Z’, ‘c’, ‘D’,‘e’, ‘F’, ‘Z’} //Line 5

Now consider the following statement:

replace_if(charList.begin(), charList.end(), isupper, ‘*’); //Line 6

This statement uses the function replace_ifto replace the uppercase letters with  ‘*’ in the list charList. After this statement executes, charListis as follows:

charList ={‘*’, ‘a’, ‘*’, ‘*’, ‘*’, ‘c’, ‘*’,‘e’, ‘*’, ‘*’} //Line 7

Next suppose that you have the following statements:

int list[10] = {12, 34, 56, 21, 34, 78, 34, 55, 12, 25}; //Line 8 vector intList (list, list + 10); //Line 9vector temp(10); //Line 10

The statement in Line 9 creates a vector, intList, of type intand initializes intListusing the array list, created in Line 8. After the statement in Line 9 executes, intListis as follows:

intList = {12, 34, 56, 21, 34, 78, 34, 55, 12, 25}

The statement in Line 10 declares a vector temp of type int. Next consider the following statement:

replace_copy(intList.begin(), intList.end(),temp1.begin(), 34, 0); //Line 11

This statement copies all the elements of intListand replaces 34with 0. The list intListis not modified. After this statement executes, tempis as follows:

temp = {12, 0, 56, 21, 0, 78, 0, 55, 12, 25}

Next, suppose that you have the following function definition:

bool lessThanEqualTo50(int num) //Line 12{return (num<=50); }

The function lessThanEqualTo50 returns true if num is less than or equal to 50, otherwise it returns false. Consider the following statement:

replace_copy_if(intList.begin(), intList.end(),temp.begin(), lessThanEqualTo50, 50); //Line 13

This statement uses the function replace_copy_if to copy the elements of intList into temp and replaces all the elements less than 50 with 50. Notice that the fourth parameter of the function replace_copy_if is the function lessThanEqualTo50. After the statement in Line 13 executes, temp is as follows:

temp = {50, 50, 56, 50, 50, 78, 50, 55, 50, 50}

We leave it as an exercise for you to write a program that further illustrates how to use the functions replace, replace_if, replace_copy, and replace_copy_if; see Programming Exercise 3 at the end of this chapter.