Question

Identify the predominant intermolecular force in each of these substances.  

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Answer 1

Concepts and reason

When two atoms or molecules approach each other, some attractive forces are developed between the nucleus of one atom and the electrons of other atom. There is a change in the electron distribution within a molecule. These interactions between the neighboring molecules or atoms are called intermolecular forces.

Fundamentals

London-dispersion forces are weak and exhibited by all the molecules.

Hydrogen bonding is strong and exhibited by the molecules which have bond.

Dipole-dipole interactions are moderate and exhibited by the molecules with a net dipole.

The given compounds are as follows:

has dipole-dipole interactions and dispersion forces.

In, hydrogen bonding is present because of bonds. They also have dipole-dipole interactions and dispersion forces.

In , only dispersion forces are present.

The order of the strength of intermolecular forces is as follows:

Hence, the predominant interactions in are dipole-dipole interactions.

The predominant interactions in are hydrogen bonding.

The predominant interactions in are London or dispersion interactions.

Ans:

The predominant intermolecular forces present in these substances are as follows: