Question

5. How can a chemical reaction that is energetically unfavorable under standard conditions (AG"'>0) occur in a cell?

Answer 1

ANS-

Define energetically unfavorable reactions-[Macromolecules broken down via hydrolysis
Increase in energy by going from high energy to low energy (energy release)]

Many energetically unfavorable reactions in cells are coupled to the hydrolysis of the molecule ATP. The breakdown of ATP to ADP is a highly energetically favorable reaction that releases energy. This energy is then used to carry out the unfavorable reaction.If ΔG < 0, this reaction will proceed in the forward direction, as written. If ΔG > 0, however, the reaction will proceed in the reverse direction and B will be converted to A. The ΔG of a reaction is determined not only by the intrinsic properties of reactants and products, but also by their concentrations and other reaction conditions (e.g., temperature). It is thus useful to define the free-energy change of a reaction under standard conditions. (Standard conditions are considered to be a 1-M concentration of all reactants and products, and 1 atm of pressure). The standard free-energy change (ΔG°) of a reaction is directly related to its equilibrium position because the actual ΔG is a function of both ΔG° and the concentrations of reactants and products THANK YOU VERY MUCH ,HOPE THIS WILL HELP YOU .GOOD LUCK