Question

56. An older adult client has been diagnosed with osteoporosis and has begun taking alendronate. The nurse should be aware that this drug can increase bone density by which mean?

a. Decreasing renal excretion of calcium

b. Increasing the binding of vitamin D to calcium ions

c. Suppressing the function of osteoclasts

d. Enhancing the function of osteoblasts

57. Epinephrine performs what function when administered with lidocaise to affect local anesthesia?

a. Promoting vasodilation

b. Prolonging the effects of lidocaine

c. Preventing adverse effects of lidocain

d. Blocking the afferent nerve pathways

58. A client has been treated for migraines on an ongoing basis, and the care provider has just prescribed sumatriptan. What statement made by the nurse reflects the priority education intervention for a client prescribed sumatriptan?

a. “You might get dizzy light-headed after you take sumatriptan, but this is normal.”

b. “It’s important that you never take acetaminophen within 12 hours of sumatriptan.”

c. “Make sure that you stop taking ergotamine before you get the prescription filled.”

d. “You will likely experience a brief worsening of your migraine before this drug relieves the pain.”

59. The nurse is educating a young adult client diagnosed with migraine headaches about prescribed intranasal sumatriptan for abortive therapy. Which statement made by the client establishes the need for further clarification?

a. “The onset of the drug is quick and it peaks in 90 minutes, so I will take it before lying down.”

b. “I will take my blood pressure after taking the drug and notify my prescriber if I become hypertensive.”

c. “The intranasal spray will cause irritation to my nose and throat and a bad taste in my mouth and nausea.”

d. “I will alternate the nostril used and administer two sprays in the nostril, and repeat in 2 hours if needed.”

60. Which nursing action when administering medication to children is appropriately directed forward medication safety?

a. If a child is resistant to taking the medication, the nurse should tell the child that it is candy.

b. Measurement by teaspoon is as accurate as milliliters.

c. If a drug is not supplied in liquid form, the nurse can always crush the pill.

d. Assess the child’s weight prior to initial drug administration.

Answer 1

56. The correct option is C. Suppressing the function of osteoclasts. Alendronate  is used to prevent and treat certain types of bone loss (osteoporosis) in adults. This medication works by slowing bone loss. This effect helps maintain strong bones and reduce the risk of broken bones . Its mechanism of action is by inhibiting osteoclast mediated bone resorption .

57. The correct option is B. Prolonging the effects of lidocaine .
Lidocaine has a rapid effect, and, when combined with epinephrine, this effect is prolonged. Epinephrine can promote vasoconstriction, not vasodilation, and it neither prevents adverse effects nor blocks afferent nerve pathways.

58. The correct option is C. “Make sure that you stop taking ergotamine before you get the prescription filled''.

It is important to ask the patient about recent administration ergot alkaloids. The ergot alkaloids should not be given within 24 hours of the administration of triptan's .Signs of low blood pressure should be reported promptly, and there is no particular reason to avoid acetaminophen. Triptan's do not make symptoms worse before they provide relief.

59. The correct option is B. “I will take my blood pressure after taking the drug and notify my prescriber if I become hypertensive.”

Because IMITREX Nasal Spray (sumatriptan nasal spray) may increase blood pressure, it should not be given to patients with uncontrolled hypertension.