Question

1. Which of the following is an ethical consideration where screening may be appropriate?

1. Effective methods of prevention for the disease are available
2. There is an understanding of the natural history and progression of the disease
3. Screening is cost effective
4. Diagnostic follow-up and intervention for the disease is available if required

2. When prevalence increases, how is the positive predictive value of a screening test impacted?

1. It decreases
2. It does not change
3. It increases

3. When prevalence increases, how is the negative predictive value of a screening test impacted?

1. It decreases
2. It does not change
3. It increases

Answer 1

Answer:There is an understanding of the natural history and proression of the disease.

( In this case ethical consideration is required.)

Answer: It increases.

( The positive predictive value of screening test increases when there is increase in the prevalence.)

Answer: It decreases.

( The increased prevalence causes decrease in the negative predictive value of a screening test.)