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Shown below is a redox reaction between benzene (CH) and the nitronium (NO)cation. + NOZ 00H Which atom was oxidized during t

options given are carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen
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Atom oxidized carbon.

Atom reduced nitrogen.

Compound which is oxidizing agent is nitronium ion.

Compound which is reducing agent is benzene.

Explanation: In the reaction, before nitration, all the carbon of unsubstituted benzene has -1 oxidation number. The carbon where NO2+ attached will have +1 oxidation number after reaction. So the oxidation number has increased and the carbon atom have oxidised. For the nitronium ion, the N has +5 charge before attaching to benzene. After it attaches to benzene, the oxidation number changes to +3. So the N atom has undergone reduction.

The species which undergoes oxidation is called reducing agent and the species undergoing reduction is called oxidizing agent. So benzene here is the reducing agent and nitronium ion is the oxidizing agent.

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